Dogcows Code - chaz/tar/blob - src/tar.c

   1 /* A tar (tape archiver) program.
   2
   3    Copyright (C) 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000,
   4    2001, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   5
   6    Written by John Gilmore, starting 1985-08-25.
   7
   8    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
  10    Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
  11    version.
  12
  13    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14    WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General
  16    Public License for more details.
  17
  18    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
  19    with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
  20    59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
  21
  22 #include "system.h"
  23
  24 #include <fnmatch.h>
  25 #include <getopt.h>
  26
  27 #include <signal.h>
  28 #if ! defined SIGCHLD && defined SIGCLD
  29 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
  30 #endif
  31
  32 /* The following causes "common.h" to produce definitions of all the global
  33    variables, rather than just "extern" declarations of them.  GNU tar does
  34    depend on the system loader to preset all GLOBAL variables to neutral (or
  35    zero) values; explicit initialization is usually not done.  */
  36 #define GLOBAL
  37 #include "common.h"
  38
  39 #include <getdate.h>
  40 #include <localedir.h>
  41 #include <prepargs.h>
  42 #include <quotearg.h>
  43 #include <xstrtol.h>
  44
  45 /* Local declarations.  */
  46
  47 #ifndef DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_FORMAT
  48 # define DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_FORMAT GNU_FORMAT
  49 #endif
  50
  51 #ifndef DEFAULT_ARCHIVE
  52 # define DEFAULT_ARCHIVE "tar.out"
  53 #endif
  54
  55 #ifndef DEFAULT_BLOCKING
  56 # define DEFAULT_BLOCKING 20
  57 #endif
  58
  59 \f
  60 /* Miscellaneous.  */
  61
  62 /* Name of option using stdin.  */
  63 static const char *stdin_used_by;
  64
  65 /* Doesn't return if stdin already requested.  */
  66 void
  67 request_stdin (const char *option)
  68 {
  69   if (stdin_used_by)
  70     USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Options `-%s' and `-%s' both want standard input"),
  71                   stdin_used_by, option));
  72
  73   stdin_used_by = option;
  74 }
  75
  76 /* Returns true if and only if the user typed 'y' or 'Y'.  */
  77 int
  78 confirm (const char *message_action, const char *message_name)
  79 {
  80   static FILE *confirm_file;
  81   static int confirm_file_EOF;
  82
  83   if (!confirm_file)
  84     {
  85       if (archive == 0 || stdin_used_by)
  86         {
  87           confirm_file = fopen (TTY_NAME, "r");
  88           if (! confirm_file)
  89             open_fatal (TTY_NAME);
  90         }
  91       else
  92         {
  93           request_stdin ("-w");
  94           confirm_file = stdin;
  95         }
  96     }
  97
  98   fprintf (stdlis, "%s %s?", message_action, quote (message_name));
  99   fflush (stdlis);
 100
 101   {
 102     int reply = confirm_file_EOF ? EOF : getc (confirm_file);
 103     int character;
 104
 105     for (character = reply;
 106          character != '\n';
 107          character = getc (confirm_file))
 108       if (character == EOF)
 109         {
 110           confirm_file_EOF = 1;
 111           fputc ('\n', stdlis);
 112           fflush (stdlis);
 113           break;
 114         }
 115     return reply == 'y' || reply == 'Y';
 116   }
 117 }
 118
 119 static struct fmttab {
 120   char const *name;
 121   enum archive_format fmt;
 122 } const fmttab[] = {
 123   { "v7",      V7_FORMAT },
 124   { "oldgnu",  OLDGNU_FORMAT },
 125   { "ustar",   USTAR_FORMAT },
 126   { "posix",   POSIX_FORMAT },
 127 #if 0 /* not fully supported yet */
 128   { "star",    STAR_FORMAT },
 129 #endif
 130   { "gnu",     GNU_FORMAT },
 131   { NULL,        0 }
 132 };
 133
 134 static void
 135 set_archive_format (char const *name)
 136 {
 137   struct fmttab const *p;
 138
 139   for (p = fmttab; strcmp (p->name, name) != 0; )
 140     if (! (++p)->name)
 141       USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("%s: Invalid archive format"),
 142                     quotearg_colon (name)));
 143
 144   archive_format = p->fmt;
 145 }
 146
 147 static const char *
 148 archive_format_string (enum archive_format fmt)
 149 {
 150   struct fmttab const *p;
 151
 152   for (p = fmttab; p->name; p++)
 153     if (p->fmt == fmt)
 154       return p->name;
 155   return "unknown?";
 156 }
 157
 158 #define FORMAT_MASK(n) (1<<(n))
 159
 160 static void
 161 assert_format(unsigned fmt_mask)
 162 {
 163   if ((FORMAT_MASK(archive_format) & fmt_mask) == 0)
 164     USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
 165                   _("GNU features wanted on incompatible archive format")));
 166 }
 167
 168
 169 \f
 170 /* Options.  */
 171
 172 /* For long options that unconditionally set a single flag, we have getopt
 173    do it.  For the others, we share the code for the equivalent short
 174    named option, the name of which is stored in the otherwise-unused `val'
 175    field of the `struct option'; for long options that have no equivalent
 176    short option, we use non-characters as pseudo short options,
 177    starting at CHAR_MAX + 1 and going upwards.  */
 178
 179 enum
 180 {
 181   ANCHORED_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1,
 182   ATIME_PRESERVE_OPTION,
 183   BACKUP_OPTION,
 184   CHECKPOINT_OPTION,
 185   DELETE_OPTION,
 186   EXCLUDE_OPTION,
 187   FORCE_LOCAL_OPTION,
 188   FORMAT_OPTION,
 189   GROUP_OPTION,
 190   IGNORE_CASE_OPTION,
 191   IGNORE_FAILED_READ_OPTION,
 192   INDEX_FILE_OPTION,
 193   KEEP_NEWER_FILES_OPTION,
 194   MODE_OPTION,
 195   NEWER_MTIME_OPTION,
 196   NO_ANCHORED_OPTION,
 197   NO_IGNORE_CASE_OPTION,
 198   NO_OVERWRITE_DIR_OPTION,
 199   NO_WILDCARDS_OPTION,
 200   NO_WILDCARDS_MATCH_SLASH_OPTION,
 201   NULL_OPTION,
 202   NUMERIC_OWNER_OPTION,
 203   OCCURRENCE_OPTION,
 204   OVERWRITE_OPTION,
 205   OWNER_OPTION,
 206   PAX_OPTION,
 207   POSIX_OPTION,
 208   PRESERVE_OPTION,
 209   RECORD_SIZE_OPTION,
 210   RECURSIVE_UNLINK_OPTION,
 211   REMOVE_FILES_OPTION,
 212   RSH_COMMAND_OPTION,
 213   SHOW_DEFAULTS_OPTION,
 214   SHOW_OMITTED_DIRS_OPTION,
 215   STRIP_PATH_OPTION,
 216   SUFFIX_OPTION,
 217   TOTALS_OPTION,
 218   USE_COMPRESS_PROGRAM_OPTION,
 219   UTC_OPTION,
 220   VOLNO_FILE_OPTION,
 221   WILDCARDS_OPTION,
 222   WILDCARDS_MATCH_SLASH_OPTION
 223 };
 224
 225 /* If nonzero, display usage information and exit.  */
 226 static int show_help;
 227
 228 /* If nonzero, print the version on standard output and exit.  */
 229 static int show_version;
 230
 231 static struct option long_options[] =
 232 {
 233   {"absolute-names", no_argument, 0, 'P'},
 234   {"after-date", required_argument, 0, 'N'},
 235   {"anchored", no_argument, 0, ANCHORED_OPTION},
 236   {"append", no_argument, 0, 'r'},
 237   {"atime-preserve", no_argument, 0, ATIME_PRESERVE_OPTION},
 238   {"backup", optional_argument, 0, BACKUP_OPTION},
 239   {"block-number", no_argument, 0, 'R'},
 240   {"blocking-factor", required_argument, 0, 'b'},
 241   {"bzip2", no_argument, 0, 'j'},
 242   {"catenate", no_argument, 0, 'A'},
 243   {"checkpoint", no_argument, 0, CHECKPOINT_OPTION},
 244   {"check-links", no_argument, &check_links_option, 1},
 245   {"compare", no_argument, 0, 'd'},
 246   {"compress", no_argument, 0, 'Z'},
 247   {"concatenate", no_argument, 0, 'A'},
 248   {"confirmation", no_argument, 0, 'w'},
 249   /* FIXME: --selective as a synonym for --confirmation?  */
 250   {"create", no_argument, 0, 'c'},
 251   {"delete", no_argument, 0, DELETE_OPTION},
 252   {"dereference", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
 253   {"diff", no_argument, 0, 'd'},
 254   {"directory", required_argument, 0, 'C'},
 255   {"exclude", required_argument, 0, EXCLUDE_OPTION},
 256   {"exclude-from", required_argument, 0, 'X'},
 257   {"extract", no_argument, 0, 'x'},
 258   {"file", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
 259   {"files-from", required_argument, 0, 'T'},
 260   {"force-local", no_argument, 0, FORCE_LOCAL_OPTION},
 261   {"format", required_argument, 0, FORMAT_OPTION},
 262   {"get", no_argument, 0, 'x'},
 263   {"group", required_argument, 0, GROUP_OPTION},
 264   {"gunzip", no_argument, 0, 'z'},
 265   {"gzip", no_argument, 0, 'z'},
 266   {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1},
 267   {"ignore-case", no_argument, 0, IGNORE_CASE_OPTION},
 268   {"ignore-failed-read", no_argument, 0, IGNORE_FAILED_READ_OPTION},
 269   {"ignore-zeros", no_argument, 0, 'i'},
 270   /* FIXME: --ignore-end as a new name for --ignore-zeros?  */
 271   {"incremental", no_argument, 0, 'G'},
 272   {"index-file", required_argument, 0, INDEX_FILE_OPTION},
 273   {"info-script", required_argument, 0, 'F'},
 274   {"interactive", no_argument, 0, 'w'},
 275   {"keep-newer-files", no_argument, 0, KEEP_NEWER_FILES_OPTION},
 276   {"keep-old-files", no_argument, 0, 'k'},
 277   {"label", required_argument, 0, 'V'},
 278   {"list", no_argument, 0, 't'},
 279   {"listed-incremental", required_argument, 0, 'g'},
 280   {"mode", required_argument, 0, MODE_OPTION},
 281   {"multi-volume", no_argument, 0, 'M'},
 282   {"new-volume-script", required_argument, 0, 'F'},
 283   {"newer", required_argument, 0, 'N'},
 284   {"newer-mtime", required_argument, 0, NEWER_MTIME_OPTION},
 285   {"null", no_argument, 0, NULL_OPTION},
 286   {"no-anchored", no_argument, 0, NO_ANCHORED_OPTION},
 287   {"no-ignore-case", no_argument, 0, NO_IGNORE_CASE_OPTION},
 288   {"no-overwrite-dir", no_argument, 0, NO_OVERWRITE_DIR_OPTION},
 289   {"no-wildcards", no_argument, 0, NO_WILDCARDS_OPTION},
 290   {"no-wildcards-match-slash", no_argument, 0, NO_WILDCARDS_MATCH_SLASH_OPTION},
 291   {"no-recursion", no_argument, &recursion_option, 0},
 292   {"no-same-owner", no_argument, &same_owner_option, -1},
 293   {"no-same-permissions", no_argument, &same_permissions_option, -1},
 294   {"numeric-owner", no_argument, 0, NUMERIC_OWNER_OPTION},
 295   {"occurrence", optional_argument, 0, OCCURRENCE_OPTION},
 296   {"old-archive", no_argument, 0, 'o'},
 297   {"one-file-system", no_argument, 0, 'l'},
 298   {"overwrite", no_argument, 0, OVERWRITE_OPTION},
 299   {"owner", required_argument, 0, OWNER_OPTION},
 300   {"pax-option", required_argument, 0, PAX_OPTION},
 301   {"portability", no_argument, 0, 'o'},
 302   {"posix", no_argument, 0, POSIX_OPTION},
 303   {"preserve", no_argument, 0, PRESERVE_OPTION},
 304   {"preserve-order", no_argument, 0, 's'},
 305   {"preserve-permissions", no_argument, 0, 'p'},
 306   {"recursion", no_argument, &recursion_option, FNM_LEADING_DIR},
 307   {"recursive-unlink", no_argument, 0, RECURSIVE_UNLINK_OPTION},
 308   {"read-full-records", no_argument, 0, 'B'},
 309   /* FIXME: --partial-blocks might be a synonym for --read-full-records?  */
 310   {"record-size", required_argument, 0, RECORD_SIZE_OPTION},
 311   {"remove-files", no_argument, 0, REMOVE_FILES_OPTION},
 312   {"rsh-command", required_argument, 0, RSH_COMMAND_OPTION},
 313   {"same-order", no_argument, 0, 's'},
 314   {"same-owner", no_argument, &same_owner_option, 1},
 315   {"same-permissions", no_argument, 0, 'p'},
 316   {"show-defaults", no_argument, 0, SHOW_DEFAULTS_OPTION},
 317   {"show-omitted-dirs", no_argument, 0, SHOW_OMITTED_DIRS_OPTION},
 318   {"sparse", no_argument, 0, 'S'},
 319   {"starting-file", required_argument, 0, 'K'},
 320   {"strip-path", required_argument, 0, STRIP_PATH_OPTION },
 321   {"suffix", required_argument, 0, SUFFIX_OPTION},
 322   {"tape-length", required_argument, 0, 'L'},
 323   {"to-stdout", no_argument, 0, 'O'},
 324   {"totals", no_argument, 0, TOTALS_OPTION},
 325   {"touch", no_argument, 0, 'm'},
 326   {"uncompress", no_argument, 0, 'Z'},
 327   {"ungzip", no_argument, 0, 'z'},
 328   {"unlink-first", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
 329   {"update", no_argument, 0, 'u'},
 330   {"utc", no_argument, 0, UTC_OPTION },
 331   {"use-compress-program", required_argument, 0, USE_COMPRESS_PROGRAM_OPTION},
 332   {"verbose", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
 333   {"verify", no_argument, 0, 'W'},
 334   {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1},
 335   {"volno-file", required_argument, 0, VOLNO_FILE_OPTION},
 336   {"wildcards", no_argument, 0, WILDCARDS_OPTION},
 337   {"wildcards-match-slash", no_argument, 0, WILDCARDS_MATCH_SLASH_OPTION},
 338
 339   {0, 0, 0, 0}
 340 };
 341
 342 /* Print a usage message and exit with STATUS.  */
 343 void
 344 usage (int status)
 345 {
 346   if (status != TAREXIT_SUCCESS)
 347     fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 348              program_name);
 349   else
 350     {
 351       fputs (_("\
 352 GNU `tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive, and\n\
 353 can restore individual files from the archive.\n"),
 354              stdout);
 355       printf (_("\nUsage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
 356 \n\
 357 Examples:\n\
 358   %s -cf archive.tar foo bar  # Create archive.tar from files foo and bar.\n\
 359   %s -tvf archive.tar         # List all files in archive.tar verbosely.\n\
 360   %s -xf archive.tar          # Extract all files from archive.tar.\n"),
 361              program_name, program_name, program_name, program_name);
 362       fputs (_("\
 363 \n\
 364 If a long option shows an argument as mandatory, then it is mandatory\n\
 365 for the equivalent short option also.  Similarly for optional arguments.\n"),
 366              stdout);
 367       fputs(_("\
 368 \n\
 369 Main operation mode:\n\
 370   -t, --list              list the contents of an archive\n\
 371   -x, --extract, --get    extract files from an archive\n\
 372   -c, --create            create a new archive\n\
 373   -d, --diff, --compare   find differences between archive and file system\n\
 374   -r, --append            append files to the end of an archive\n\
 375   -u, --update            only append files newer than copy in archive\n\
 376   -A, --catenate          append tar files to an archive\n\
 377       --concatenate       same as -A\n\
 378       --delete            delete from the archive (not on mag tapes!)\n"),
 379             stdout);
 380       fputs (_("\
 381 \n\
 382 Operation modifiers:\n\
 383   -W, --verify               attempt to verify the archive after writing it\n\
 384       --remove-files         remove files after adding them to the archive\n\
 385   -k, --keep-old-files       don't replace existing files when extracting\n\
 386       --keep-newer-files     don't replace existing files that are newer\n\
 387                              than their archive copies\n\
 388       --overwrite            overwrite existing files when extracting\n\
 389       --no-overwrite-dir     preserve metadata of existing directories\n\
 390   -U, --unlink-first         remove each file prior to extracting over it\n\
 391       --recursive-unlink     empty hierarchies prior to extracting directory\n\
 392   -S, --sparse               handle sparse files efficiently\n\
 393   -O, --to-stdout            extract files to standard output\n\
 394   -G, --incremental          handle old GNU-format incremental backup\n\
 395   -g, --listed-incremental=FILE\n\
 396                              handle new GNU-format incremental backup\n\
 397       --ignore-failed-read   do not exit with nonzero on unreadable files\n\
 398       --occurrence[=NUM]     process only the NUMth occurrence of each file in\n\
 399                              the archive. This option is valid only in\n\
 400                              conjunction with one of the subcommands --delete,\n\
 401                              --diff, --extract or --list and when a list of\n\
 402                              files is given either on the command line or\n\
 403                              via -T option.\n\
 404                              NUM defaults to 1.\n"),
 405              stdout);
 406       fputs (_("\
 407 \n\
 408 Handling of file attributes:\n\
 409       --owner=NAME             force NAME as owner for added files\n\
 410       --group=NAME             force NAME as group for added files\n\
 411       --mode=CHANGES           force (symbolic) mode CHANGES for added files\n\
 412       --atime-preserve         don't change access times on dumped files\n\
 413   -m, --modification-time      don't extract file modified time\n\
 414       --same-owner             try extracting files with the same ownership\n\
 415       --no-same-owner          extract files as yourself\n\
 416       --numeric-owner          always use numbers for user/group names\n\
 417   -p, --same-permissions       extract permissions information\n\
 418       --no-same-permissions    do not extract permissions information\n\
 419       --preserve-permissions   same as -p\n\
 420   -s, --same-order             sort names to extract to match archive\n\
 421       --preserve-order         same as -s\n\
 422       --preserve               same as both -p and -s\n"),
 423              stdout);
 424       fputs (_("\
 425 \n\
 426 Device selection and switching:\n\
 427   -f, --file=ARCHIVE             use archive file or device ARCHIVE\n\
 428       --force-local              archive file is local even if has a colon\n\
 429       --rsh-command=COMMAND      use remote COMMAND instead of rsh\n\
 430   -[0-7][lmh]                    specify drive and density\n\
 431   -M, --multi-volume             create/list/extract multi-volume archive\n\
 432   -L, --tape-length=NUM          change tape after writing NUM x 1024 bytes\n\
 433   -F, --info-script=FILE         run script at end of each tape (implies -M)\n\
 434       --new-volume-script=FILE   same as -F FILE\n\
 435       --volno-file=FILE          use/update the volume number in FILE\n"),
 436              stdout);
 437       fputs (_("\
 438 \n\
 439 Device blocking:\n\
 440   -b, --blocking-factor=BLOCKS   BLOCKS x 512 bytes per record\n\
 441       --record-size=SIZE         SIZE bytes per record, multiple of 512\n\
 442   -i, --ignore-zeros             ignore zeroed blocks in archive (means EOF)\n\
 443   -B, --read-full-records        reblock as we read (for 4.2BSD pipes)\n"),
 444              stdout);
 445       fputs (_("\
 446 \n\
 447 Archive format selection:\n\
 448       --format=FMTNAME               create archive of the given format.\n\
 449                                      FMTNAME is one of the following:\n\
 450                                      v7        old V7 tar format\n\
 451                                      oldgnu    GNU format as per tar <= 1.12\n\
 452                                      gnu       GNU tar 1.13 format\n\
 453                                      ustar     POSIX 1003.1-1988 (ustar) format\n\
 454                                      posix     POSIX 1003.1-2001 (pax) format\n\
 455       --old-archive, --portability   same as --format=v7\n\
 456       --posix                        same as --format=posix\n\
 457   --pax-option keyword[[:]=value][,keyword[[:]=value], ...]\n\
 458                                      control pax keywords\n\
 459   -V, --label=NAME                   create archive with volume name NAME\n\
 460               PATTERN                at list/extract time, a globbing PATTERN\n\
 461   -j, --bzip2                        filter the archive through bzip2\n\
 462   -z, --gzip, --ungzip               filter the archive through gzip\n\
 463   -Z, --compress, --uncompress       filter the archive through compress\n\
 464       --use-compress-program=PROG    filter through PROG (must accept -d)\n"),
 465              stdout);
 466       fputs (_("\
 467 \n\
 468 Local file selection:\n\
 469   -C, --directory=DIR          change to directory DIR\n\
 470   -T, --files-from=NAME        get names to extract or create from file NAME\n\
 471       --null                   -T reads null-terminated names, disable -C\n\
 472       --exclude=PATTERN        exclude files, given as a PATTERN\n\
 473   -X, --exclude-from=FILE      exclude patterns listed in FILE\n\
 474       --anchored               exclude patterns match file name start (default)\n\
 475       --no-anchored            exclude patterns match after any /\n\
 476       --ignore-case            exclusion ignores case\n\
 477       --no-ignore-case         exclusion is case sensitive (default)\n\
 478       --wildcards              exclude patterns use wildcards (default)\n\
 479       --no-wildcards           exclude patterns are plain strings\n\
 480       --wildcards-match-slash  exclude pattern wildcards match '/' (default)\n\
 481       --no-wildcards-match-slash exclude pattern wildcards do not match '/'\n\
 482   -P, --absolute-names         don't strip leading `/'s from file names\n\
 483   -h, --dereference            dump instead the files symlinks point to\n\
 484       --no-recursion           avoid descending automatically in directories\n\
 485   -l, --one-file-system        stay in local file system when creating archive\n\
 486   -K, --starting-file=NAME     begin at file NAME in the archive\n\
 487       --strip-path=NUM         strip NUM leading components from file names\n\
 488                                before extraction\n"),
 489              stdout);
 490 #if !MSDOS
 491       fputs (_("\
 492   -N, --newer=DATE-OR-FILE     only store files newer than DATE-OR-FILE\n\
 493       --newer-mtime=DATE       compare date and time when data changed only\n\
 494       --after-date=DATE        same as -N\n"),
 495              stdout);
 496 #endif
 497       fputs (_("\
 498       --backup[=CONTROL]       backup before removal, choose version control\n\
 499       --suffix=SUFFIX          backup before removal, override usual suffix\n"),
 500              stdout);
 501       fputs (_("\
 502 \n\
 503 Informative output:\n\
 504       --help            print this help, then exit\n\
 505       --version         print tar program version number, then exit\n\
 506   -v, --verbose         verbosely list files processed\n\
 507       --checkpoint      print directory names while reading the archive\n\
 508       --check-links     print a message if not all links are dumped\n\
 509       --totals          print total bytes written while creating archive\n\
 510       --index-file=FILE send verbose output to FILE\n\
 511       --utc             print file modification dates in UTC\n\
 512   -R, --block-number    show block number within archive with each message\n\
 513   -w, --interactive     ask for confirmation for every action\n\
 514       --confirmation    same as -w\n"),
 515              stdout);
 516       fputs (_("\
 517 \n\
 518 Compatibility options:\n\
 519   -o                                 when creating, same as --old-archive\n\
 520                                      when extracting, same as --no-same-owner\n"),
 521              stdout);
 522
 523       fputs (_("\
 524 \n\
 525 The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.\n\
 526 The version control may be set with --backup or VERSION_CONTROL, values are:\n\
 527 \n\
 528   t, numbered     make numbered backups\n\
 529   nil, existing   numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise\n\
 530   never, simple   always make simple backups\n"),
 531              stdout);
 532       printf (_("\
 533 \n\
 534 ARCHIVE may be FILE, HOST:FILE or USER@HOST:FILE; DATE may be a textual date\n\
 535 or a file name starting with `/' or `.', in which case the file's date is used.\n\
 536 *This* `tar' defaults to `--format=%s -f%s -b%d'.\n"),
 537               archive_format_string (DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_FORMAT),
 538               DEFAULT_ARCHIVE, DEFAULT_BLOCKING);
 539       printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
 540     }
 541   exit (status);
 542 }
 543
 544 /* Parse the options for tar.  */
 545
 546 /* Available option letters are DEHIJQY and aenqy.  Some are reserved:
 547
 548    e  exit immediately with a nonzero exit status if unexpected errors occur
 549    E  use extended headers (draft POSIX headers, that is)
 550    I  same as T (for compatibility with Solaris tar)
 551    n  the archive is quickly seekable, so don't worry about random seeks
 552    q  stop after extracting the first occurrence of the named file
 553    y  per-file gzip compression
 554    Y  per-block gzip compression */
 555
 556 #define OPTION_STRING \
 557   "-01234567ABC:F:GIK:L:MN:OPRST:UV:WX:Zb:cdf:g:hijklmoprstuvwxyz"
 558
 559 static void
 560 set_subcommand_option (enum subcommand subcommand)
 561 {
 562   if (subcommand_option != UNKNOWN_SUBCOMMAND
 563       && subcommand_option != subcommand)
 564     USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
 565                   _("You may not specify more than one `-Acdtrux' option")));
 566
 567   subcommand_option = subcommand;
 568 }
 569
 570 static void
 571 set_use_compress_program_option (const char *string)
 572 {
 573   if (use_compress_program_option && strcmp (use_compress_program_option, string) != 0)
 574     USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Conflicting compression options")));
 575
 576   use_compress_program_option = string;
 577 }
 578
 579 static void
 580 decode_options (int argc, char **argv)
 581 {
 582   int optchar;                  /* option letter */
 583   int input_files;              /* number of input files */
 584   char const *textual_date_option = 0;
 585   char const *backup_suffix_string;
 586   char const *version_control_string = 0;
 587   int exclude_options = EXCLUDE_WILDCARDS;
 588   bool o_option = 0;
 589   int pax_option = 0;
 590
 591   /* Set some default option values.  */
 592
 593   subcommand_option = UNKNOWN_SUBCOMMAND;
 594   archive_format = DEFAULT_FORMAT;
 595   blocking_factor = DEFAULT_BLOCKING;
 596   record_size = DEFAULT_BLOCKING * BLOCKSIZE;
 597   excluded = new_exclude ();
 598   newer_mtime_option = TYPE_MINIMUM (time_t);
 599   recursion_option = FNM_LEADING_DIR;
 600
 601   owner_option = -1;
 602   group_option = -1;
 603
 604   backup_suffix_string = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
 605
 606   /* Convert old-style tar call by exploding option element and rearranging
 607      options accordingly.  */
 608
 609   if (argc > 1 && argv[1][0] != '-')
 610     {
 611       int new_argc;             /* argc value for rearranged arguments */
 612       char **new_argv;          /* argv value for rearranged arguments */
 613       char *const *in;          /* cursor into original argv */
 614       char **out;               /* cursor into rearranged argv */
 615       const char *letter;       /* cursor into old option letters */
 616       char buffer[3];           /* constructed option buffer */
 617       const char *cursor;       /* cursor in OPTION_STRING */
 618
 619       /* Initialize a constructed option.  */
 620
 621       buffer[0] = '-';
 622       buffer[2] = '\0';
 623
 624       /* Allocate a new argument array, and copy program name in it.  */
 625
 626       new_argc = argc - 1 + strlen (argv[1]);
 627       new_argv = xmalloc ((new_argc + 1) * sizeof (char *));
 628       in = argv;
 629       out = new_argv;
 630       *out++ = *in++;
 631
 632       /* Copy each old letter option as a separate option, and have the
 633          corresponding argument moved next to it.  */
 634
 635       for (letter = *in++; *letter; letter++)
 636         {
 637           buffer[1] = *letter;
 638           *out++ = xstrdup (buffer);
 639           cursor = strchr (OPTION_STRING, *letter);
 640           if (cursor && cursor[1] == ':')
 641             {
 642               if (in < argv + argc)
 643                 *out++ = *in++;
 644               else
 645                 USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Old option `%c' requires an argument."),
 646                               *letter));
 647             }
 648         }
 649
 650       /* Copy all remaining options.  */
 651
 652       while (in < argv + argc)
 653         *out++ = *in++;
 654       *out = 0;
 655
 656       /* Replace the old option list by the new one.  */
 657
 658       argc = new_argc;
 659       argv = new_argv;
 660     }
 661
 662   /* Parse all options and non-options as they appear.  */
 663
 664   input_files = 0;
 665
 666   prepend_default_options (getenv ("TAR_OPTIONS"), &argc, &argv);
 667
 668   while (optchar = getopt_long (argc, argv, OPTION_STRING, long_options, 0),
 669          optchar != -1)
 670     switch (optchar)
 671       {
 672       case '?':
 673         usage (TAREXIT_FAILURE);
 674
 675       case 0:
 676         break;
 677
 678       case 1:
 679         /* File name or non-parsed option, because of RETURN_IN_ORDER
 680            ordering triggered by the leading dash in OPTION_STRING.  */
 681
 682         name_add (optarg);
 683         input_files++;
 684         break;
 685
 686       case 'A':
 687         set_subcommand_option (CAT_SUBCOMMAND);
 688         break;
 689
 690       case 'b':
 691         {
 692           uintmax_t u;
 693           if (! (xstrtoumax (optarg, 0, 10, &u, "") == LONGINT_OK
 694                  && u == (blocking_factor = u)
 695                  && 0 < blocking_factor
 696                  && u == (record_size = u * BLOCKSIZE) / BLOCKSIZE))
 697             USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, "%s: %s", quotearg_colon (optarg),
 698                           _("Invalid blocking factor")));
 699         }
 700         break;
 701
 702       case 'B':
 703         /* Try to reblock input records.  For reading 4.2BSD pipes.  */
 704
 705         /* It would surely make sense to exchange -B and -R, but it seems
 706            that -B has been used for a long while in Sun tar ans most
 707            BSD-derived systems.  This is a consequence of the block/record
 708            terminology confusion.  */
 709
 710         read_full_records_option = true;
 711         break;
 712
 713       case 'c':
 714         set_subcommand_option (CREATE_SUBCOMMAND);
 715         break;
 716
 717       case 'C':
 718         name_add ("-C");
 719         name_add (optarg);
 720         break;
 721
 722       case 'd':
 723         set_subcommand_option (DIFF_SUBCOMMAND);
 724         break;
 725
 726       case 'f':
 727         if (archive_names == allocated_archive_names)
 728           {
 729             allocated_archive_names *= 2;
 730             archive_name_array =
 731               xrealloc (archive_name_array,
 732                         sizeof (const char *) * allocated_archive_names);
 733           }
 734         archive_name_array[archive_names++] = optarg;
 735         break;
 736
 737       case 'F':
 738         /* Since -F is only useful with -M, make it implied.  Run this
 739            script at the end of each tape.  */
 740
 741         info_script_option = optarg;
 742         multi_volume_option = true;
 743         break;
 744
 745       case 'g':
 746         listed_incremental_option = optarg;
 747         after_date_option = true;
 748         /* Fall through.  */
 749
 750       case 'G':
 751         /* We are making an incremental dump (FIXME: are we?); save
 752            directories at the beginning of the archive, and include in each
 753            directory its contents.  */
 754
 755         incremental_option = true;
 756         break;
 757
 758       case 'h':
 759         /* Follow symbolic links.  */
 760         dereference_option = true;
 761         break;
 762
 763       case 'i':
 764         /* Ignore zero blocks (eofs).  This can't be the default,
 765            because Unix tar writes two blocks of zeros, then pads out
 766            the record with garbage.  */
 767
 768         ignore_zeros_option = true;
 769         break;
 770
 771       case 'I':
 772         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
 773                       _("Warning: the -I option is not supported;"
 774                         " perhaps you meant -j or -T?")));
 775         break;
 776
 777       case 'j':
 778         set_use_compress_program_option ("bzip2");
 779         break;
 780
 781       case 'k':
 782         /* Don't replace existing files.  */
 783         old_files_option = KEEP_OLD_FILES;
 784         break;
 785
 786       case 'K':
 787         starting_file_option = true;
 788         addname (optarg, 0);
 789         break;
 790
 791       case 'l':
 792         /* When dumping directories, don't dump files/subdirectories
 793            that are on other filesystems.  */
 794
 795         one_file_system_option = true;
 796         break;
 797
 798       case 'L':
 799         {
 800           uintmax_t u;
 801           if (xstrtoumax (optarg, 0, 10, &u, "") != LONGINT_OK)
 802             USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, "%s: %s", quotearg_colon (optarg),
 803                           _("Invalid tape length")));
 804           tape_length_option = 1024 * (tarlong) u;
 805           multi_volume_option = true;
 806         }
 807         break;
 808
 809       case 'm':
 810         touch_option = true;
 811         break;
 812
 813       case 'M':
 814         /* Make multivolume archive: when we can't write any more into
 815            the archive, re-open it, and continue writing.  */
 816
 817         multi_volume_option = true;
 818         break;
 819
 820 #if !MSDOS
 821       case 'N':
 822         after_date_option = true;
 823         /* Fall through.  */
 824
 825       case NEWER_MTIME_OPTION:
 826         if (newer_mtime_option != TYPE_MINIMUM (time_t))
 827           USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("More than one threshold date")));
 828
 829         if (FILESYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN (optarg) != 0
 830             || ISSLASH (*optarg)
 831             || *optarg == '.')
 832           {
 833             struct stat st;
 834             if (deref_stat (dereference_option, optarg, &st) != 0)
 835               {
 836                 stat_error (optarg);
 837                 USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Date file not found")));
 838               }
 839             newer_mtime_option = st.st_mtime;
 840           }
 841         else
 842           {
 843             newer_mtime_option = get_date (optarg, 0);
 844             if (newer_mtime_option == (time_t) -1)
 845               WARN ((0, 0, _("Substituting %s for unknown date format %s"),
 846                      tartime (newer_mtime_option), quote (optarg)));
 847             else
 848               textual_date_option = optarg;
 849           }
 850
 851         break;
 852 #endif /* not MSDOS */
 853
 854       case 'o':
 855         o_option = true;
 856         break;
 857
 858       case 'O':
 859         to_stdout_option = true;
 860         break;
 861
 862       case 'p':
 863         same_permissions_option = true;
 864         break;
 865
 866       case 'P':
 867         absolute_names_option = true;
 868         break;
 869
 870       case 'r':
 871         set_subcommand_option (APPEND_SUBCOMMAND);
 872         break;
 873
 874       case 'R':
 875         /* Print block numbers for debugging bad tar archives.  */
 876
 877         /* It would surely make sense to exchange -B and -R, but it seems
 878            that -B has been used for a long while in Sun tar ans most
 879            BSD-derived systems.  This is a consequence of the block/record
 880            terminology confusion.  */
 881
 882         block_number_option = true;
 883         break;
 884
 885       case 's':
 886         /* Names to extr are sorted.  */
 887
 888         same_order_option = true;
 889         break;
 890
 891       case 'S':
 892         sparse_option = true;
 893         break;
 894
 895       case 't':
 896         set_subcommand_option (LIST_SUBCOMMAND);
 897         verbose_option++;
 898         break;
 899
 900       case 'T':
 901         files_from_option = optarg;
 902         break;
 903
 904       case 'u':
 905         set_subcommand_option (UPDATE_SUBCOMMAND);
 906         break;
 907
 908       case 'U':
 909         old_files_option = UNLINK_FIRST_OLD_FILES;
 910         break;
 911
 912       case UTC_OPTION:
 913         utc_option = true;
 914         break;
 915
 916       case 'v':
 917         verbose_option++;
 918         break;
 919
 920       case 'V':
 921         volume_label_option = optarg;
 922         break;
 923
 924       case 'w':
 925         interactive_option = true;
 926         break;
 927
 928       case 'W':
 929         verify_option = true;
 930         break;
 931
 932       case 'x':
 933         set_subcommand_option (EXTRACT_SUBCOMMAND);
 934         break;
 935
 936       case 'X':
 937         if (add_exclude_file (add_exclude, excluded, optarg,
 938                               exclude_options | recursion_option, '\n')
 939             != 0)
 940           {
 941             int e = errno;
 942             FATAL_ERROR ((0, e, "%s", quotearg_colon (optarg)));
 943           }
 944         break;
 945
 946       case 'y':
 947         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
 948                       _("Warning: the -y option is not supported;"
 949                         " perhaps you meant -j?")));
 950         break;
 951
 952       case 'z':
 953         set_use_compress_program_option ("gzip");
 954         break;
 955
 956       case 'Z':
 957         set_use_compress_program_option ("compress");
 958         break;
 959
 960       case ANCHORED_OPTION:
 961         exclude_options |= EXCLUDE_ANCHORED;
 962         break;
 963
 964       case ATIME_PRESERVE_OPTION:
 965         atime_preserve_option = true;
 966         break;
 967
 968       case CHECKPOINT_OPTION:
 969         checkpoint_option = true;
 970         break;
 971
 972       case BACKUP_OPTION:
 973         backup_option = true;
 974         if (optarg)
 975           version_control_string = optarg;
 976         break;
 977
 978       case DELETE_OPTION:
 979         set_subcommand_option (DELETE_SUBCOMMAND);
 980         break;
 981
 982       case EXCLUDE_OPTION:
 983         add_exclude (excluded, optarg, exclude_options | recursion_option);
 984         break;
 985
 986       case FORCE_LOCAL_OPTION:
 987         force_local_option = true;
 988         break;
 989
 990       case FORMAT_OPTION:
 991         set_archive_format (optarg);
 992         break;
 993
 994       case INDEX_FILE_OPTION:
 995         index_file_name = optarg;
 996         break;
 997
 998       case IGNORE_CASE_OPTION:
 999         exclude_options |= FNM_CASEFOLD;
1000         break;
1001
1002       case IGNORE_FAILED_READ_OPTION:
1003         ignore_failed_read_option = true;
1004         break;
1005
1006       case KEEP_NEWER_FILES_OPTION:
1007         old_files_option = KEEP_NEWER_FILES;
1008         break;
1009
1010       case GROUP_OPTION:
1011         if (! (strlen (optarg) < GNAME_FIELD_SIZE
1012                && gname_to_gid (optarg, &group_option)))
1013           {
1014             uintmax_t g;
1015             if (xstrtoumax (optarg, 0, 10, &g, "") == LONGINT_OK
1016                 && g == (gid_t) g)
1017               group_option = g;
1018             else
1019               FATAL_ERROR ((0, 0, "%s: %s", quotearg_colon (optarg),
1020                             _("%s: Invalid group")));
1021           }
1022         break;
1023
1024       case MODE_OPTION:
1025         mode_option
1026           = mode_compile (optarg,
1027                           MODE_MASK_EQUALS | MODE_MASK_PLUS | MODE_MASK_MINUS);
1028         if (mode_option == MODE_INVALID)
1029           FATAL_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Invalid mode given on option")));
1030         if (mode_option == MODE_MEMORY_EXHAUSTED)
1031           xalloc_die ();
1032         break;
1033
1034       case NO_ANCHORED_OPTION:
1035         exclude_options &= ~ EXCLUDE_ANCHORED;
1036         break;
1037
1038       case NO_IGNORE_CASE_OPTION:
1039         exclude_options &= ~ FNM_CASEFOLD;
1040         break;
1041
1042       case NO_OVERWRITE_DIR_OPTION:
1043         old_files_option = NO_OVERWRITE_DIR_OLD_FILES;
1044         break;
1045
1046       case NO_WILDCARDS_OPTION:
1047         exclude_options &= ~ EXCLUDE_WILDCARDS;
1048         break;
1049
1050       case NO_WILDCARDS_MATCH_SLASH_OPTION:
1051         exclude_options |= FNM_FILE_NAME;
1052         break;
1053
1054       case NULL_OPTION:
1055         filename_terminator = '\0';
1056         break;
1057
1058       case NUMERIC_OWNER_OPTION:
1059         numeric_owner_option = true;
1060         break;
1061
1062       case OCCURRENCE_OPTION:
1063         if (!optarg)
1064           occurrence_option = 1;
1065         else
1066           {
1067             uintmax_t u;
1068             if (xstrtoumax (optarg, 0, 10, &u, "") == LONGINT_OK)
1069               occurrence_option = u;
1070             else
1071               FATAL_ERROR ((0, 0, "%s: %s", quotearg_colon (optarg),
1072                             _("Invalid number")));
1073           }
1074         break;
1075
1076       case OVERWRITE_OPTION:
1077         old_files_option = OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES;
1078         break;
1079
1080       case OWNER_OPTION:
1081         if (! (strlen (optarg) < UNAME_FIELD_SIZE
1082                && uname_to_uid (optarg, &owner_option)))
1083           {
1084             uintmax_t u;
1085             if (xstrtoumax (optarg, 0, 10, &u, "") == LONGINT_OK
1086                 && u == (uid_t) u)
1087               owner_option = u;
1088             else
1089               FATAL_ERROR ((0, 0, "%s: %s", quotearg_colon (optarg),
1090                             _("Invalid owner")));
1091           }
1092         break;
1093
1094       case PAX_OPTION:
1095         pax_option++;
1096         xheader_set_option (optarg);
1097         break;
1098
1099       case POSIX_OPTION:
1100         set_archive_format ("posix");
1101         break;
1102
1103       case PRESERVE_OPTION:
1104         same_permissions_option = true;
1105         same_order_option = true;
1106         break;
1107
1108       case RECORD_SIZE_OPTION:
1109         {
1110           uintmax_t u;
1111           if (! (xstrtoumax (optarg, 0, 10, &u, "") == LONGINT_OK
1112                  && u == (size_t) u))
1113             USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, "%s: %s", quotearg_colon (optarg),
1114                           _("Invalid record size")));
1115           record_size = u;
1116           if (record_size % BLOCKSIZE != 0)
1117             USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Record size must be a multiple of %d."),
1118                           BLOCKSIZE));
1119           blocking_factor = record_size / BLOCKSIZE;
1120         }
1121         break;
1122
1123       case RECURSIVE_UNLINK_OPTION:
1124         recursive_unlink_option = true;
1125         break;
1126
1127       case REMOVE_FILES_OPTION:
1128         remove_files_option = true;
1129         break;
1130
1131       case RSH_COMMAND_OPTION:
1132         rsh_command_option = optarg;
1133         break;
1134
1135       case SHOW_DEFAULTS_OPTION:
1136         printf ("--format=%s -f%s -b%d\n",
1137                 archive_format_string (DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_FORMAT),
1138                 DEFAULT_ARCHIVE, DEFAULT_BLOCKING);
1139         exit(0);
1140
1141       case STRIP_PATH_OPTION:
1142         {
1143           uintmax_t u;
1144           if (! (xstrtoumax (optarg, 0, 10, &u, "") == LONGINT_OK
1145                  && u == (size_t) u))
1146             USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, "%s: %s", quotearg_colon (optarg),
1147                           _("Invalid number of elements")));
1148           strip_path_elements = u;
1149         }
1150         break;
1151
1152       case SUFFIX_OPTION:
1153         backup_option = true;
1154         backup_suffix_string = optarg;
1155         break;
1156
1157       case TOTALS_OPTION:
1158         totals_option = true;
1159         break;
1160
1161       case USE_COMPRESS_PROGRAM_OPTION:
1162         set_use_compress_program_option (optarg);
1163         break;
1164
1165       case VOLNO_FILE_OPTION:
1166         volno_file_option = optarg;
1167         break;
1168
1169       case WILDCARDS_OPTION:
1170         exclude_options |= EXCLUDE_WILDCARDS;
1171         break;
1172
1173       case WILDCARDS_MATCH_SLASH_OPTION:
1174         exclude_options &= ~ FNM_FILE_NAME;
1175         break;
1176
1177       case '0':
1178       case '1':
1179       case '2':
1180       case '3':
1181       case '4':
1182       case '5':
1183       case '6':
1184       case '7':
1185
1186 #ifdef DEVICE_PREFIX
1187         {
1188           int device = optchar - '0';
1189           int density;
1190           static char buf[sizeof DEVICE_PREFIX + 10];
1191           char *cursor;
1192
1193           density = getopt_long (argc, argv, "lmh", 0, 0);
1194           strcpy (buf, DEVICE_PREFIX);
1195           cursor = buf + strlen (buf);
1196
1197 #ifdef DENSITY_LETTER
1198
1199           sprintf (cursor, "%d%c", device, density);
1200
1201 #else /* not DENSITY_LETTER */
1202
1203           switch (density)
1204             {
1205             case 'l':
1206 #ifdef LOW_NUM
1207               device += LOW_NUM;
1208 #endif
1209               break;
1210
1211             case 'm':
1212 #ifdef MID_NUM
1213               device += MID_NUM;
1214 #else
1215               device += 8;
1216 #endif
1217               break;
1218
1219             case 'h':
1220 #ifdef HGH_NUM
1221               device += HGH_NUM;
1222 #else
1223               device += 16;
1224 #endif
1225               break;
1226
1227             default:
1228               usage (TAREXIT_FAILURE);
1229             }
1230           sprintf (cursor, "%d", device);
1231
1232 #endif /* not DENSITY_LETTER */
1233
1234           if (archive_names == allocated_archive_names)
1235             {
1236               allocated_archive_names *= 2;
1237               archive_name_array =
1238                 xrealloc (archive_name_array,
1239                           sizeof (const char *) * allocated_archive_names);
1240             }
1241           archive_name_array[archive_names++] = strdup (buf);
1242         }
1243         break;
1244
1245 #else /* not DEVICE_PREFIX */
1246
1247         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1248                       _("Options `-[0-7][lmh]' not supported by *this* tar")));
1249
1250 #endif /* not DEVICE_PREFIX */
1251       }
1252
1253   /* Special handling for 'o' option:
1254
1255      GNU tar used to say "output old format".
1256      UNIX98 tar says don't chown files after extracting (we use
1257      "--no-same-owner" for this).
1258
1259      The old GNU tar semantics is retained when used with --create
1260      option, otherwise UNIX98 semantics is assumed */
1261
1262   if (o_option)
1263     {
1264       if (subcommand_option == CREATE_SUBCOMMAND)
1265         {
1266           /* GNU Tar <= 1.13 compatibility */
1267           set_archive_format ("v7");
1268         }
1269       else
1270         {
1271           /* UNIX98 compatibility */
1272           same_owner_option = 1;
1273         }
1274     }
1275
1276   /* Handle operands after any "--" argument.  */
1277   for (; optind < argc; optind++)
1278     {
1279       name_add (argv[optind]);
1280       input_files++;
1281     }
1282
1283   /* Process trivial options.  */
1284
1285   if (show_version)
1286     {
1287       printf ("tar (%s) %s\n%s\n", PACKAGE_NAME, PACKAGE_VERSION,
1288               "Copyright (C) 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.");
1289       puts (_("\
1290 This program comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\
1291 You may redistribute it under the terms of the GNU General Public License;\n\
1292 see the file named COPYING for details."));
1293
1294       puts (_("Written by John Gilmore and Jay Fenlason."));
1295
1296       exit (TAREXIT_SUCCESS);
1297     }
1298
1299   if (show_help)
1300     usage (TAREXIT_SUCCESS);
1301
1302   /* Derive option values and check option consistency.  */
1303
1304   if (archive_format == DEFAULT_FORMAT)
1305     {
1306       if (pax_option)
1307         archive_format = POSIX_FORMAT;
1308       else
1309         archive_format = DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_FORMAT;
1310     }
1311
1312   if (volume_label_option && subcommand_option == CREATE_SUBCOMMAND)
1313     assert_format (FORMAT_MASK (OLDGNU_FORMAT)
1314                    | FORMAT_MASK (GNU_FORMAT));
1315
1316
1317   if (incremental_option || multi_volume_option)
1318     assert_format (FORMAT_MASK (OLDGNU_FORMAT) | FORMAT_MASK (GNU_FORMAT));
1319
1320   if (sparse_option)
1321     assert_format (FORMAT_MASK (OLDGNU_FORMAT)
1322                    | FORMAT_MASK (GNU_FORMAT)
1323                    | FORMAT_MASK (POSIX_FORMAT));
1324
1325   if (occurrence_option)
1326     {
1327       if (!input_files && !files_from_option)
1328         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1329                       _("--occurrence is meaningless without a file list")));
1330       if (subcommand_option != DELETE_SUBCOMMAND
1331           && subcommand_option != DIFF_SUBCOMMAND
1332           && subcommand_option != EXTRACT_SUBCOMMAND
1333           && subcommand_option != LIST_SUBCOMMAND)
1334             USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1335                           _("--occurrence cannot be used in the requested operation mode")));
1336     }
1337
1338   if (archive_names == 0)
1339     {
1340       /* If no archive file name given, try TAPE from the environment, or
1341          else, DEFAULT_ARCHIVE from the configuration process.  */
1342
1343       archive_names = 1;
1344       archive_name_array[0] = getenv ("TAPE");
1345       if (! archive_name_array[0])
1346         archive_name_array[0] = DEFAULT_ARCHIVE;
1347     }
1348
1349   /* Allow multiple archives only with `-M'.  */
1350
1351   if (archive_names > 1 && !multi_volume_option)
1352     USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1353                   _("Multiple archive files require `-M' option")));
1354
1355   if (listed_incremental_option
1356       && newer_mtime_option != TYPE_MINIMUM (time_t))
1357     USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1358                   _("Cannot combine --listed-incremental with --newer")));
1359
1360   if (volume_label_option)
1361     {
1362       size_t volume_label_max_len =
1363         (sizeof current_header->header.name
1364          - 1 /* for trailing '\0' */
1365          - (multi_volume_option
1366             ? (sizeof " Volume "
1367                - 1 /* for null at end of " Volume " */
1368                + INT_STRLEN_BOUND (int) /* for volume number */
1369                - 1 /* for sign, as 0 <= volno */)
1370             : 0));
1371       if (volume_label_max_len < strlen (volume_label_option))
1372         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1373                       ngettext ("%s: Volume label is too long (limit is %lu byte)",
1374                                 "%s: Volume label is too long (limit is %lu bytes)",
1375                                 volume_label_max_len),
1376                       quotearg_colon (volume_label_option),
1377                       (unsigned long) volume_label_max_len));
1378     }
1379
1380   if (verify_option)
1381     {
1382       if (multi_volume_option)
1383         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Cannot verify multi-volume archives")));
1384       if (use_compress_program_option)
1385         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Cannot verify compressed archives")));
1386     }
1387
1388   if (use_compress_program_option)
1389     {
1390       if (multi_volume_option)
1391         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Cannot use multi-volume compressed archives")));
1392       if (subcommand_option == UPDATE_SUBCOMMAND)
1393         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Cannot update compressed archives")));
1394     }
1395
1396   /* It is no harm to use --pax-option on non-pax archives in archive
1397      reading mode. It may even be useful, since it allows to override
1398      file attributes from tar headers. Therefore I allow such usage.
1399      --gray */
1400   if (pax_option
1401       && archive_format != POSIX_FORMAT
1402       && (subcommand_option != EXTRACT_SUBCOMMAND
1403           || subcommand_option != DIFF_SUBCOMMAND
1404           || subcommand_option != LIST_SUBCOMMAND))
1405     USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0, _("--pax-option can be used only on POSIX archives")));
1406
1407   /* If ready to unlink hierarchies, so we are for simpler files.  */
1408   if (recursive_unlink_option)
1409     old_files_option = UNLINK_FIRST_OLD_FILES;
1410
1411   /* Forbid using -c with no input files whatsoever.  Check that `-f -',
1412      explicit or implied, is used correctly.  */
1413
1414   switch (subcommand_option)
1415     {
1416     case CREATE_SUBCOMMAND:
1417       if (input_files == 0 && !files_from_option)
1418         USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1419                       _("Cowardly refusing to create an empty archive")));
1420       break;
1421
1422     case EXTRACT_SUBCOMMAND:
1423     case LIST_SUBCOMMAND:
1424     case DIFF_SUBCOMMAND:
1425       for (archive_name_cursor = archive_name_array;
1426            archive_name_cursor < archive_name_array + archive_names;
1427            archive_name_cursor++)
1428         if (!strcmp (*archive_name_cursor, "-"))
1429           request_stdin ("-f");
1430       break;
1431
1432     case CAT_SUBCOMMAND:
1433     case UPDATE_SUBCOMMAND:
1434     case APPEND_SUBCOMMAND:
1435       for (archive_name_cursor = archive_name_array;
1436            archive_name_cursor < archive_name_array + archive_names;
1437            archive_name_cursor++)
1438         if (!strcmp (*archive_name_cursor, "-"))
1439           USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1440                         _("Options `-Aru' are incompatible with `-f -'")));
1441
1442     default:
1443       break;
1444     }
1445
1446   archive_name_cursor = archive_name_array;
1447
1448   /* Prepare for generating backup names.  */
1449
1450   if (backup_suffix_string)
1451     simple_backup_suffix = xstrdup (backup_suffix_string);
1452
1453   if (backup_option)
1454     backup_type = xget_version ("--backup", version_control_string);
1455
1456   if (verbose_option && textual_date_option)
1457     {
1458       char const *treated_as = tartime (newer_mtime_option);
1459       if (strcmp (textual_date_option, treated_as) != 0)
1460         WARN ((0, 0, _("Treating date `%s' as %s"),
1461                textual_date_option, treated_as));
1462     }
1463 }
1464
1465 \f
1466 /* Tar proper.  */
1467
1468 /* Main routine for tar.  */
1469 int
1470 main (int argc, char **argv)
1471 {
1472 #if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
1473   if (clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &start_timespec) != 0)
1474 #endif
1475     start_time = time (0);
1476   program_name = argv[0];
1477   setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
1478   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
1479   textdomain (PACKAGE);
1480
1481   exit_status = TAREXIT_SUCCESS;
1482   filename_terminator = '\n';
1483   set_quoting_style (0, escape_quoting_style);
1484
1485   /* Pre-allocate a few structures.  */
1486
1487   allocated_archive_names = 10;
1488   archive_name_array =
1489     xmalloc (sizeof (const char *) * allocated_archive_names);
1490   archive_names = 0;
1491
1492 #ifdef SIGCHLD
1493   /* System V fork+wait does not work if SIGCHLD is ignored.  */
1494   signal (SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
1495 #endif
1496
1497   init_names ();
1498
1499   /* Decode options.  */
1500
1501   decode_options (argc, argv);
1502   name_init (argc, argv);
1503
1504   /* Main command execution.  */
1505
1506   if (volno_file_option)
1507     init_volume_number ();
1508
1509   switch (subcommand_option)
1510     {
1511     case UNKNOWN_SUBCOMMAND:
1512       USAGE_ERROR ((0, 0,
1513                     _("You must specify one of the `-Acdtrux' options")));
1514
1515     case CAT_SUBCOMMAND:
1516     case UPDATE_SUBCOMMAND:
1517     case APPEND_SUBCOMMAND:
1518       update_archive ();
1519       break;
1520
1521     case DELETE_SUBCOMMAND:
1522       delete_archive_members ();
1523       break;
1524
1525     case CREATE_SUBCOMMAND:
1526       create_archive ();
1527       name_close ();
1528
1529       if (totals_option)
1530         print_total_written ();
1531       break;
1532
1533     case EXTRACT_SUBCOMMAND:
1534       extr_init ();
1535       read_and (extract_archive);
1536
1537       /* FIXME: should extract_finish () even if an ordinary signal is
1538          received.  */
1539       extract_finish ();
1540
1541       break;
1542
1543     case LIST_SUBCOMMAND:
1544       read_and (list_archive);
1545       break;
1546
1547     case DIFF_SUBCOMMAND:
1548       diff_init ();
1549       read_and (diff_archive);
1550       break;
1551     }
1552
1553   if (check_links_option)
1554       check_links ();
1555
1556   if (volno_file_option)
1557     closeout_volume_number ();
1558
1559   /* Dispose of allocated memory, and return.  */
1560
1561   free (archive_name_array);
1562   name_term ();
1563
1564   if (stdlis != stderr && (ferror (stdlis) || fclose (stdlis) != 0))
1565     FATAL_ERROR ((0, 0, _("Error in writing to standard output")));
1566   if (exit_status == TAREXIT_FAILURE)
1567     error (0, 0, _("Error exit delayed from previous errors"));
1568   if (ferror (stderr) || fclose (stderr) != 0)
1569     exit_status = TAREXIT_FAILURE;
1570   return exit_status;
1571 }
1572
1573 void
1574 tar_stat_init (struct tar_stat_info *st)
1575 {
1576   memset (st, 0, sizeof (*st));
1577 }
1578
1579 void
1580 tar_stat_destroy (struct tar_stat_info *st)
1581 {
1582   free (st->orig_file_name);
1583   free (st->file_name);
1584   free (st->link_name);
1585   free (st->uname);
1586   free (st->gname);
1587   free (st->sparse_map);
1588   memset (st, 0, sizeof (*st));
1589 }