]> Dogcows Code - chaz/tar/blobdiff - src/extract.c
Carefully crafted invalid headers can cause buffer overrun.
[chaz/tar] / src / extract.c
index 8cabb52cf9704b9df47b2abe5859aa0ce40010b1..9be0a8b1392b95ae200192bdb131c86f0963f532 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 /* Extract files from a tar archive.
-   Copyright 1988, 92,93,94,96,97,98,99, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   Copyright (C) 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
+   2001, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
    Written by John Gilmore, on 1985-11-19.
 
    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
    with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
-   59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
+   51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
 
-#include "system.h"
+#include <system.h>
 #include <quotearg.h>
-#include <time.h>
-
-#if HAVE_UTIME_H
-# include <utime.h>
-#else
-struct utimbuf
-  {
-    long actime;
-    long modtime;
-  };
-#endif
+#include <utimens.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <xgetcwd.h>
 
 #include "common.h"
 
-int we_are_root;               /* true if our effective uid == 0 */
+static bool we_are_root;       /* true if our effective uid == 0 */
 static mode_t newdir_umask;    /* umask when creating new directories */
 static mode_t current_umask;   /* current umask (which is set to 0 if -p) */
 
@@ -51,9 +46,14 @@ enum permstatus
 };
 
 /* List of directories whose statuses we need to extract after we've
-   finished extracting their subsidiary files.  The head of the list
-   has the longest name; each non-head element in the list is an
-   ancestor (in the directory hierarchy) of the preceding element.  */
+   finished extracting their subsidiary files.  If you consider each
+   contiguous subsequence of elements of the form [D]?[^D]*, where [D]
+   represents an element where AFTER_SYMLINKS is nonzero and [^D]
+   represents an element where AFTER_SYMLINKS is zero, then the head
+   of the subsequence has the longest name, and each non-head element
+   in the prefix is an ancestor (in the directory hierarchy) of the
+   preceding element.  */
+
 struct delayed_set_stat
   {
     struct delayed_set_stat *next;
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ struct delayed_set_stat
     size_t file_name_len;
     mode_t invert_permissions;
     enum permstatus permstatus;
+    bool after_symlinks;
     char file_name[1];
   };
 
@@ -72,8 +73,7 @@ struct delayed_symlink
     /* The next delayed symbolic link in the list.  */
     struct delayed_symlink *next;
 
-    /* The device, inode number and last-modified time of the
-       placeholder symbolic link.  */
+    /* The device, inode number and last-modified time of the placeholder.  */
     dev_t dev;
     ino_t ino;
     time_t mtime;
@@ -82,13 +82,22 @@ struct delayed_symlink
     uid_t uid;
     gid_t gid;
 
-    /* The location and desired target of the desired link, as two
-       adjacent character strings, both null-terminated. */
-    char names[1];
+    /* A list of sources for this symlink.  The sources are all to be
+       hard-linked together.  */
+    struct string_list *sources;
+
+    /* The desired target of the desired link.  */
+    char target[1];
   };
 
 static struct delayed_symlink *delayed_symlink_head;
 
+struct string_list
+  {
+    struct string_list *next;
+    char string[1];
+  };
+
 /*  Set up to extract files.  */
 void
 extr_init (void)
@@ -96,7 +105,19 @@ extr_init (void)
   we_are_root = geteuid () == 0;
   same_permissions_option += we_are_root;
   same_owner_option += we_are_root;
-  xalloc_fail_func = extract_finish;
+
+  /* Save 'root device' to avoid purging mount points.
+     FIXME: Should the same be done after handling -C option ? */
+  if (one_file_system_option)
+    {
+      struct stat st;
+      char *dir = xgetcwd ();
+
+      if (deref_stat (true, dir, &st))
+       stat_diag (dir);
+      else
+       root_device = st.st_dev;
+    }
 
   /* Option -p clears the kernel umask, so it does not affect proper
      restoration of file permissions.  New intermediate directories will
@@ -113,12 +134,15 @@ extr_init (void)
 }
 
 /* If restoring permissions, restore the mode for FILE_NAME from
-   information given in *STAT_INFO; otherwise invert the
+   information given in *STAT_INFO (where *CUR_INFO gives
+   the current status if CUR_INFO is nonzero); otherwise invert the
    INVERT_PERMISSIONS bits from the file's current permissions.
    PERMSTATUS specifies the status of the file's permissions.
    TYPEFLAG specifies the type of the file.  */
 static void
-set_mode (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
+set_mode (char const *file_name,
+         struct stat const *stat_info,
+         struct stat const *cur_info,
          mode_t invert_permissions, enum permstatus permstatus,
          char typeflag)
 {
@@ -150,12 +174,16 @@ set_mode (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
         that we created, so there's no point optimizing this code for
         other cases.  */
       struct stat st;
-      if (stat (file_name, &st) != 0)
+      if (! cur_info)
        {
-         stat_error (file_name);
-         return;
+         if (stat (file_name, &st) != 0)
+           {
+             stat_error (file_name);
+             return;
+           }
+         cur_info = &st;
        }
-      mode = st.st_mode ^ invert_permissions;
+      mode = cur_info->st_mode ^ invert_permissions;
     }
 
   if (chmod (file_name, mode) != 0)
@@ -164,16 +192,36 @@ set_mode (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
 
 /* Check time after successfully setting FILE_NAME's time stamp to T.  */
 static void
-check_time (char const *file_name, time_t t)
+check_time (char const *file_name, struct timespec t)
 {
-  time_t now;
-  if (start_time < t && (now = time (0)) < t)
-    WARN ((0, 0, _("%s: time stamp %s is %lu s in the future"),
-          file_name, tartime (t), (unsigned long) (t - now)));
+  if (t.tv_sec <= 0)
+    WARN ((0, 0, _("%s: implausibly old time stamp %s"),
+          file_name, tartime (t, true)));
+  else if (timespec_lt (start_time, t))
+    {
+      struct timespec now;
+      gettime (&now);
+      if (timespec_lt (now, t))
+       {
+         unsigned long int ds = t.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
+         int dns = t.tv_nsec - now.tv_nsec;
+         char dnsbuf[sizeof ".FFFFFFFFF"];
+         if (dns < 0)
+           {
+             dns += 1000000000;
+             ds--;
+           }
+         code_ns_fraction (dns, dnsbuf);
+         WARN ((0, 0, _("%s: time stamp %s is %lu%s s in the future"),
+                file_name, tartime (t, true), ds, dnsbuf));
+       }
+    }
 }
 
 /* Restore stat attributes (owner, group, mode and times) for
    FILE_NAME, using information given in *STAT_INFO.
+   If CUR_INFO is nonzero, *CUR_INFO is the
+   file's currernt status.
    If not restoring permissions, invert the
    INVERT_PERMISSIONS bits from the file's current permissions.
    PERMSTATUS specifies the status of the file's permissions.
@@ -185,12 +233,12 @@ check_time (char const *file_name, time_t t)
    punt for the rest.  Sigh!  */
 
 static void
-set_stat (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
+set_stat (char const *file_name,
+         struct stat const *stat_info,
+         struct stat const *cur_info,
          mode_t invert_permissions, enum permstatus permstatus,
          char typeflag)
 {
-  struct utimbuf utimbuf;
-
   if (typeflag != SYMTYPE)
     {
       /* We do the utime before the chmod because some versions of utime are
@@ -204,19 +252,16 @@ set_stat (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
 
          /* FIXME: incremental_option should set ctime too, but how?  */
 
-         if (incremental_option)
-           utimbuf.actime = stat_info->st_atime;
-         else
-           utimbuf.actime = start_time;
-
-         utimbuf.modtime = stat_info->st_mtime;
+         struct timespec ts[2];
+         ts[0] = incremental_option ? get_stat_atime (stat_info) : start_time;
+         ts[1] = get_stat_mtime (stat_info);
 
-         if (utime (file_name, &utimbuf) < 0)
+         if (utimens (file_name, ts) != 0)
            utime_error (file_name);
          else
            {
-             check_time (file_name, stat_info->st_atime);
-             check_time (file_name, stat_info->st_mtime);
+             check_time (file_name, ts[0]);
+             check_time (file_name, ts[1]);
            }
        }
 
@@ -224,7 +269,7 @@ set_stat (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
         done, it is not possible anymore to change file permissions, so we
         have to set permissions prior to possibly giving files away.  */
 
-      set_mode (file_name, stat_info,
+      set_mode (file_name, stat_info, cur_info,
                invert_permissions, permstatus, typeflag);
     }
 
@@ -253,7 +298,7 @@ set_stat (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
             away, changing the owner or group destroys the suid or sgid bits.
             So let's attempt setting these bits once more.  */
          if (stat_info->st_mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISVTX))
-           set_mode (file_name, stat_info,
+           set_mode (file_name, stat_info, 0,
                      invert_permissions, permstatus, typeflag);
        }
     }
@@ -270,23 +315,25 @@ delay_set_stat (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
                mode_t invert_permissions, enum permstatus permstatus)
 {
   size_t file_name_len = strlen (file_name);
-  struct delayed_set_stat *data = xmalloc (sizeof *data + file_name_len);
+  struct delayed_set_stat *data =
+    xmalloc (offsetof (struct delayed_set_stat, file_name)
+            + file_name_len + 1);
   data->file_name_len = file_name_len;
   strcpy (data->file_name, file_name);
   data->invert_permissions = invert_permissions;
   data->permstatus = permstatus;
+  data->after_symlinks = 0;
   data->stat_info = *stat_info;
   data->next = delayed_set_stat_head;
   delayed_set_stat_head = data;
 }
 
 /* Update the delayed_set_stat info for an intermediate directory
-   created on the path to DIR_NAME.  The intermediate directory turned
-   out to be the same as this directory, e.g. due trailing slash or
-   ".." or symbolic links.  *DIR_STAT_INFO is the status of the
-   directory.  */
+   created within the file name of DIR.  The intermediate directory turned
+   out to be the same as this directory, e.g. due to ".." or symbolic
+   links.  *DIR_STAT_INFO is the status of the directory.  */
 static void
-repair_delayed_set_stat (char const *dir_name,
+repair_delayed_set_stat (char const *dir,
                         struct stat const *dir_stat_info)
 {
   struct delayed_set_stat *data;
@@ -302,16 +349,16 @@ repair_delayed_set_stat (char const *dir_name,
       if (st.st_dev == dir_stat_info->st_dev
          && st.st_ino == dir_stat_info->st_ino)
        {
-         data->stat_info = current_stat;
-         data->invert_permissions = (MODE_RWX
-                                     & (current_stat.st_mode ^ st.st_mode));
+         data->stat_info = current_stat_info.stat;
+         data->invert_permissions =
+           (MODE_RWX & (current_stat_info.stat.st_mode ^ st.st_mode));
          data->permstatus = ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS;
          return;
        }
     }
 
   ERROR ((0, 0, _("%s: Unexpected inconsistency when making directory"),
-         quotearg_colon (dir_name)));
+         quotearg_colon (dir)));
 }
 
 /* After a file/link/symlink/directory creation has failed, see if
@@ -321,30 +368,33 @@ repair_delayed_set_stat (char const *dir_name,
 static int
 make_directories (char *file_name)
 {
-  char *cursor;                        /* points into path */
+  char *cursor0 = file_name + FILE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN (file_name);
+  char *cursor;                        /* points into the file name */
   int did_something = 0;       /* did we do anything yet? */
   int mode;
   int invert_permissions;
   int status;
 
-  for (cursor = strchr (file_name, '/');
-       cursor;
-       cursor = strchr (cursor + 1, '/'))
+
+  for (cursor = cursor0; *cursor; cursor++)
     {
+      if (! ISSLASH (*cursor))
+       continue;
+
       /* Avoid mkdir of empty string, if leading or double '/'.  */
 
-      if (cursor == file_name || cursor[-1] == '/')
+      if (cursor == cursor0 || ISSLASH (cursor[-1]))
        continue;
 
-      /* Avoid mkdir where last part of path is "." or "..".  */
+      /* Avoid mkdir where last part of file name is "." or "..".  */
 
       if (cursor[-1] == '.'
-         && (cursor == file_name + 1 || cursor[-2] == '/'
+         && (cursor == cursor0 + 1 || ISSLASH (cursor[-2])
              || (cursor[-2] == '.'
-                 && (cursor == file_name + 2 || cursor[-3] == '/'))))
+                 && (cursor == cursor0 + 2 || ISSLASH (cursor[-3])))))
        continue;
 
-      *cursor = '\0';          /* truncate the path there */
+      *cursor = '\0';          /* truncate the name there */
       mode = MODE_RWX & ~ newdir_umask;
       invert_permissions = we_are_root ? 0 : MODE_WXUSR & ~ mode;
       status = mkdir (file_name, mode ^ invert_permissions);
@@ -355,7 +405,7 @@ make_directories (char *file_name)
             invert_permissions is zero, because
             repair_delayed_set_stat may need to update the struct.  */
          delay_set_stat (file_name,
-                         &current_stat /* ignored */,
+                         &current_stat_info.stat /* ignored */,
                          invert_permissions, INTERDIR_PERMSTATUS);
 
          print_for_mkdir (file_name, cursor - file_name, mode);
@@ -367,13 +417,13 @@ make_directories (char *file_name)
 
       *cursor = '/';
 
-      if (errno == EEXIST
-#if MSDOS
-         /* Turbo C mkdir gives a funny errno.  */
-         || errno == EACCES
-#endif
-         )
-       /* Directory already exists.  */
+      if (errno == EEXIST)
+       continue;               /* Directory already exists.  */
+      else if ((errno == ENOSYS /* Automounted dirs on Solaris return
+                                  this. Reported by Warren Hyde
+                                  <Warren.Hyde@motorola.com> */
+              || ERRNO_IS_EACCES)  /* Turbo C mkdir gives a funny errno.  */
+              && access (file_name, W_OK) == 0)
        continue;
 
       /* Some other error in the mkdir.  We return to the caller.  */
@@ -383,24 +433,23 @@ make_directories (char *file_name)
   return did_something;                /* tell them to retry if we made one */
 }
 
-/* Prepare to extract a file.
-   Return zero if extraction should not proceed.  */
-
-static int
-prepare_to_extract (char const *file_name)
+static bool
+file_newer_p (const char *file_name, struct tar_stat_info *tar_stat)
 {
-  if (to_stdout_option)
-    return 0;
+  struct stat st;
 
-  if (old_files_option == UNLINK_FIRST_OLD_FILES
-      && !remove_any_file (file_name, recursive_unlink_option)
-      && errno && errno != ENOENT)
+  if (stat (file_name, &st))
     {
-      unlink_error (file_name);
-      return 0;
+      stat_warn (file_name);
+      /* Be on the safe side: if the file does exist assume it is newer */
+      return errno != ENOENT;
     }
-
-  return 1;
+  if (!S_ISDIR (st.st_mode)
+      && st.st_mtime >= tar_stat->stat.st_mtime)
+    {
+      return true;
+    }
+  return false;
 }
 
 /* Attempt repairing what went wrong with the extraction.  Delete an
@@ -410,6 +459,8 @@ prepare_to_extract (char const *file_name)
 static int
 maybe_recoverable (char *file_name, int *interdir_made)
 {
+  int e = errno;
+
   if (*interdir_made)
     return 0;
 
@@ -420,16 +471,28 @@ maybe_recoverable (char *file_name, int *interdir_made)
 
       switch (old_files_option)
        {
-       default:
+       case KEEP_OLD_FILES:
          return 0;
 
+       case KEEP_NEWER_FILES:
+         if (file_newer_p (file_name, &current_stat_info))
+           {
+             errno = e;
+             return 0;
+           }
+         /* FALL THROUGH */
+
        case DEFAULT_OLD_FILES:
+       case NO_OVERWRITE_DIR_OLD_FILES:
        case OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES:
          {
-           int r = remove_any_file (file_name, 0);
+           int r = remove_any_file (file_name, ORDINARY_REMOVE_OPTION);
            errno = EEXIST;
            return r;
          }
+
+       case UNLINK_FIRST_OLD_FILES:
+         break;
        }
 
     case ENOENT:
@@ -449,698 +512,726 @@ maybe_recoverable (char *file_name, int *interdir_made)
     }
 }
 
+/* Fix the statuses of all directories whose statuses need fixing, and
+   which are not ancestors of FILE_NAME.  If AFTER_SYMLINKS is
+   nonzero, do this for all such directories; otherwise, stop at the
+   first directory that is marked to be fixed up only after delayed
+   symlinks are applied.  */
 static void
-extract_sparse_file (int fd, off_t *sizeleft, off_t totalsize, char *name)
+apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat (char const *file_name, bool after_symlinks)
 {
-  int sparse_ind = 0;
-  size_t written;
-  ssize_t count;
-
-  /* assuming sizeleft is initially totalsize */
+  size_t file_name_len = strlen (file_name);
+  bool check_for_renamed_directories = 0;
 
-  while (*sizeleft > 0)
+  while (delayed_set_stat_head)
     {
-      union block *data_block = find_next_block ();
-      if (! data_block)
-       {
-         ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
-         return;
-       }
-      if (lseek (fd, sparsearray[sparse_ind].offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
+      struct delayed_set_stat *data = delayed_set_stat_head;
+      bool skip_this_one = 0;
+      struct stat st;
+      struct stat const *cur_info = 0;
+
+      check_for_renamed_directories |= data->after_symlinks;
+
+      if (after_symlinks < data->after_symlinks
+         || (data->file_name_len < file_name_len
+             && file_name[data->file_name_len]
+             && (ISSLASH (file_name[data->file_name_len])
+                 || ISSLASH (file_name[data->file_name_len - 1]))
+             && memcmp (file_name, data->file_name, data->file_name_len) == 0))
+       break;
+
+      if (check_for_renamed_directories)
        {
-         seek_error_details (name, sparsearray[sparse_ind].offset);
-         return;
+         cur_info = &st;
+         if (stat (data->file_name, &st) != 0)
+           {
+             stat_error (data->file_name);
+             skip_this_one = 1;
+           }
+         else if (! (st.st_dev == data->stat_info.st_dev
+                     && (st.st_ino == data->stat_info.st_ino)))
+           {
+             ERROR ((0, 0,
+                     _("%s: Directory renamed before its status could be extracted"),
+                     quotearg_colon (data->file_name)));
+             skip_this_one = 1;
+           }
        }
-      written = sparsearray[sparse_ind++].numbytes;
-      while (written > BLOCKSIZE)
+
+      if (! skip_this_one)
+       set_stat (data->file_name, &data->stat_info, cur_info,
+                 data->invert_permissions, data->permstatus, DIRTYPE);
+
+      delayed_set_stat_head = data->next;
+      free (data);
+    }
+}
+
+\f
+
+/* Extractor functions for various member types */
+
+static int
+extract_dir (char *file_name, int typeflag)
+{
+  int status;
+  mode_t mode;
+  int interdir_made = 0;
+
+  if (incremental_option)
+    /* Read the entry and delete files that aren't listed in the archive.  */
+    purge_directory (file_name);
+  else if (typeflag == GNUTYPE_DUMPDIR)
+    skip_member ();
+
+  mode = (current_stat_info.stat.st_mode | (we_are_root ? 0 : MODE_WXUSR)) & MODE_RWX;
+
+  while ((status = mkdir (file_name, mode)))
+    {
+      if (errno == EEXIST
+         && (interdir_made
+             || old_files_option == DEFAULT_OLD_FILES
+             || old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES))
        {
-         count = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, BLOCKSIZE);
-         if (count < 0)
-           write_error (name);
-         written -= count;
-         *sizeleft -= count;
-         set_next_block_after (data_block);
-         data_block = find_next_block ();
-         if (! data_block)
+         struct stat st;
+         if (stat (file_name, &st) == 0)
            {
-             ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
-             return;
+             if (interdir_made)
+               {
+                 repair_delayed_set_stat (file_name, &st);
+                 return 0;
+               }
+             if (S_ISDIR (st.st_mode))
+               {
+                 mode = st.st_mode & ~ current_umask;
+                 break;
+               }
            }
+         errno = EEXIST;
        }
 
-      count = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, written);
+      if (maybe_recoverable (file_name, &interdir_made))
+       continue;
 
-      if (count < 0)
-       write_error (name);
-      else if (count != written)
+      if (errno != EEXIST)
        {
-         write_error_details (name, count, written);
-         skip_file (*sizeleft);
+         mkdir_error (file_name);
+         return 1;
        }
-
-      written -= count;
-      *sizeleft -= count;
-      set_next_block_after (data_block);
+      break;
     }
 
-  free (sparsearray);
+  if (status == 0
+      || old_files_option == DEFAULT_OLD_FILES
+      || old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES)
+    delay_set_stat (file_name, &current_stat_info.stat,
+                   MODE_RWX & (mode ^ current_stat_info.stat.st_mode),
+                   (status == 0
+                    ? ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS
+                    : UNKNOWN_PERMSTATUS));
+
+  return status;
 }
 
-/* Fix the statuses of all directories whose statuses need fixing, and
-   which are not ancestors of FILE_NAME.  */
-static void
-apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat (char const *file_name)
+
+static int
+open_output_file (char *file_name, int typeflag)
 {
-  size_t file_name_len = strlen (file_name);
+  int fd;
+  int openflag = (O_WRONLY | O_BINARY | O_CREAT
+                 | (old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES
+                    ? O_TRUNC
+                    : O_EXCL));
+  mode_t mode = current_stat_info.stat.st_mode & MODE_RWX & ~ current_umask;
 
-  while (delayed_set_stat_head)
+#if O_CTG
+  /* Contiguous files (on the Masscomp) have to specify the size in
+     the open call that creates them.  */
+
+  if (typeflag == CONTTYPE)
+    fd = open (file_name, openflag | O_CTG, mode, current_stat_info.stat.st_size);
+  else
+    fd = open (file_name, openflag, mode);
+
+#else /* not O_CTG */
+  if (typeflag == CONTTYPE)
     {
-      struct delayed_set_stat *data = delayed_set_stat_head;
-      if (data->file_name_len < file_name_len
-         && file_name[data->file_name_len]
-         && (file_name[data->file_name_len] == '/'
-             || file_name[data->file_name_len - 1] == '/')
-         && memcmp (file_name, data->file_name, data->file_name_len) == 0)
-       break;
-      delayed_set_stat_head = data->next;
-      set_stat (data->file_name, &data->stat_info,
-               data->invert_permissions, data->permstatus, DIRTYPE);
-      free (data);
+      static int conttype_diagnosed;
+
+      if (!conttype_diagnosed)
+       {
+         conttype_diagnosed = 1;
+         WARN ((0, 0, _("Extracting contiguous files as regular files")));
+       }
     }
+  fd = open (file_name, openflag, mode);
+
+#endif /* not O_CTG */
+
+  return fd;
 }
 
-/* Extract a file from the archive.  */
-void
-extract_archive (void)
+static int
+extract_file (char *file_name, int typeflag)
 {
-  union block *data_block;
   int fd;
+  off_t size;
+  union block *data_block;
   int status;
-  ssize_t sstatus;
-  size_t name_length;
+  size_t count;
   size_t written;
-  int openflag;
-  mode_t mode;
-  off_t size;
-  int skipcrud;
-  int counter;
   int interdir_made = 0;
-  char typeflag;
-  union block *exhdr;
-
-#define CURRENT_FILE_NAME (skipcrud + current_file_name)
-
-  set_next_block_after (current_header);
-  decode_header (current_header, &current_stat, &current_format, 1);
-
-  if (interactive_option && !confirm ("extract", current_file_name))
-    {
-      skip_member ();
-      return;
-    }
-
-  /* Print the block from current_header and current_stat.  */
-
-  if (verbose_option)
-    print_header ();
 
-  /* Check for fully specified file names and other atrocities.  */
+  /* FIXME: deal with protection issues.  */
 
-  skipcrud = 0;
-  if (! absolute_names_option)
+  if (to_stdout_option)
+    fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
+  else if (to_command_option)
     {
-      while (CURRENT_FILE_NAME[0] == '/')
+      fd = sys_exec_command (file_name, 'f', &current_stat_info);
+      if (fd < 0)
        {
-         static int warned_once;
-         
-         if (!warned_once)
-           {
-             warned_once = 1;
-             WARN ((0, 0, _("Removing leading `/' from member names")));
-           }
-         skipcrud++;           /* force relative path */
+         skip_member ();
+         return 0;
        }
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      do
+       fd = open_output_file (file_name, typeflag);
+      while (fd < 0 && maybe_recoverable (file_name, &interdir_made));
 
-      if (contains_dot_dot (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
+      if (fd < 0)
        {
-         ERROR ((0, 0, _("%s: Member name contains `..'"),
-                 quotearg_colon (CURRENT_FILE_NAME)));
-         skip_member ();
-         return;
+         open_error (file_name);
+         return 1;
        }
     }
 
-  apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-
-  /* Take a safety backup of a previously existing file.  */
-
-  if (backup_option && !to_stdout_option)
-    if (!maybe_backup_file (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, 0))
+  if (current_stat_info.is_sparse)
+    sparse_extract_file (fd, &current_stat_info, &size);
+  else
+    for (size = current_stat_info.stat.st_size; size > 0; )
       {
-       int e = errno;
-       ERROR ((0, e, _("%s: Was unable to backup this file"),
-               quotearg_colon (CURRENT_FILE_NAME)));
-       skip_member ();
-       return;
-      }
+       if (multi_volume_option)
+         {
+           assign_string (&save_name, current_stat_info.orig_file_name);
+           save_totsize = current_stat_info.stat.st_size;
+           save_sizeleft = size;
+         }
 
-  /* Extract the archive entry according to its type.  */
+       /* Locate data, determine max length writeable, write it,
+          block that we have used the data, then check if the write
+          worked.  */
 
-  typeflag = current_header->header.typeflag;
-  switch (typeflag)
-    {
-      /* JK - What we want to do if the file is sparse is loop through
-        the array of sparse structures in the header and read in and
-        translate the character strings representing 1) the offset at
-        which to write and 2) how many bytes to write into numbers,
-        which we store into the scratch array, "sparsearray".  This
-        array makes our life easier the same way it did in creating the
-        tar file that had to deal with a sparse file.
-
-        After we read in the first five (at most) sparse structures, we
-        check to see if the file has an extended header, i.e., if more
-        sparse structures are needed to describe the contents of the new
-        file.  If so, we read in the extended headers and continue to
-        store their contents into the sparsearray.  */
+       data_block = find_next_block ();
+       if (! data_block)
+         {
+           ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
+           break;              /* FIXME: What happens, then?  */
+         }
 
-    case GNUTYPE_SPARSE:
-      sp_array_size = 10;
-      sparsearray =
-       xmalloc (sp_array_size * sizeof (struct sp_array));
+       written = available_space_after (data_block);
 
-      for (counter = 0; counter < SPARSES_IN_OLDGNU_HEADER; counter++)
-       {
-         struct sparse const *s = &current_header->oldgnu_header.sp[counter];
-         sparsearray[counter].offset = OFF_FROM_HEADER (s->offset);
-         sparsearray[counter].numbytes = SIZE_FROM_HEADER (s->numbytes);
-         if (!sparsearray[counter].numbytes)
+       if (written > size)
+         written = size;
+       errno = 0;
+       count = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, written);
+       size -= written;
+
+       set_next_block_after ((union block *)
+                             (data_block->buffer + written - 1));
+       if (count != written)
+         {
+           if (!to_command_option)
+             write_error_details (file_name, count, written);
+           /* FIXME: shouldn't we restore from backup? */
            break;
-       }
+         }
+      }
 
-      if (current_header->oldgnu_header.isextended)
-       {
-         /* Read in the list of extended headers and translate them
-            into the sparsearray as before.  Note that this
-            invalidates current_header.  */
+  skip_file (size);
 
-         /* static */ int ind = SPARSES_IN_OLDGNU_HEADER;
+  if (multi_volume_option)
+    assign_string (&save_name, 0);
 
-         while (1)
-           {
-             exhdr = find_next_block ();
-             if (! exhdr)
-               {
-                 ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
-                 return;
-               }
-             for (counter = 0; counter < SPARSES_IN_SPARSE_HEADER; counter++)
-               {
-                 struct sparse const *s = &exhdr->sparse_header.sp[counter];
-                 if (counter + ind > sp_array_size - 1)
-                   {
-                     /* Realloc the scratch area since we've run out of
-                        room.  */
+  /* If writing to stdout, don't try to do anything to the filename;
+     it doesn't exist, or we don't want to touch it anyway.  */
 
-                     sp_array_size *= 2;
-                     sparsearray =
-                       xrealloc (sparsearray,
-                                 sp_array_size * sizeof (struct sp_array));
-                   }
-                 if (s->numbytes[0] == 0)
-                   break;
-                 sparsearray[counter + ind].offset =
-                   OFF_FROM_HEADER (s->offset);
-                 sparsearray[counter + ind].numbytes =
-                   SIZE_FROM_HEADER (s->numbytes);
-               }
-             if (!exhdr->sparse_header.isextended)
-               break;
-             else
-               {
-                 ind += SPARSES_IN_SPARSE_HEADER;
-                 set_next_block_after (exhdr);
-               }
-           }
-         set_next_block_after (exhdr);
-       }
-      /* Fall through.  */
+  if (to_stdout_option)
+    return 0;
 
-    case AREGTYPE:
-    case REGTYPE:
-    case CONTTYPE:
+  status = close (fd);
+  if (status < 0)
+    close_error (file_name);
 
-      /* Appears to be a file.  But BSD tar uses the convention that a slash
-        suffix means a directory.  */
+  if (to_command_option)
+    sys_wait_command ();
+  else
+    set_stat (file_name, &current_stat_info.stat, 0, 0,
+             (old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES ?
+              UNKNOWN_PERMSTATUS : ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS),
+             typeflag);
 
-      name_length = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-      if (name_length && CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length - 1] == '/')
-       goto really_dir;
+  return status;
+}
 
-      /* FIXME: deal with protection issues.  */
+static int
+extract_link (char *file_name, int typeflag)
+{
+  char const *link_name = safer_name_suffix (current_stat_info.link_name,
+                                             true, absolute_names_option);
+  int interdir_made = 0;
 
-    again_file:
-      openflag = (O_WRONLY | O_BINARY | O_CREAT
-                 | (old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES
-                    ? O_TRUNC
-                    : O_EXCL));
-      mode = current_stat.st_mode & MODE_RWX & ~ current_umask;
+  do
+    {
+      struct stat st1, st2;
+      int e;
+      int status = link (link_name, file_name);
+      e = errno;
 
-      if (to_stdout_option)
+      if (status == 0)
        {
-         fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
-         goto extract_file;
+         struct delayed_symlink *ds = delayed_symlink_head;
+         if (ds && lstat (link_name, &st1) == 0)
+           for (; ds; ds = ds->next)
+             if (ds->dev == st1.st_dev
+                 && ds->ino == st1.st_ino
+                 && ds->mtime == st1.st_mtime)
+               {
+                 struct string_list *p =  xmalloc (offsetof (struct string_list, string)
+                                                   + strlen (file_name) + 1);
+                 strcpy (p->string, file_name);
+                 p->next = ds->sources;
+                 ds->sources = p;
+                 break;
+               }
+         return 0;
        }
+      else if ((e == EEXIST && strcmp (link_name, file_name) == 0)
+              || (lstat (link_name, &st1) == 0
+                  && lstat (file_name, &st2) == 0
+                  && st1.st_dev == st2.st_dev
+                  && st1.st_ino == st2.st_ino))
+       return 0;
+
+      errno = e;
+    }
+  while (maybe_recoverable (file_name, &interdir_made));
 
-      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
-       {
-         skip_member ();
-         if (backup_option)
-           undo_last_backup ();
-         break;
-       }
+  if (!(incremental_option && errno == EEXIST))
+    {
+      link_error (link_name, file_name);
+      return 1;
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
 
-#if O_CTG
-      /* Contiguous files (on the Masscomp) have to specify the size in
-        the open call that creates them.  */
+static int
+extract_symlink (char *file_name, int typeflag)
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_SYMLINK
+  int status, fd;
+  int interdir_made = 0;
 
-      if (typeflag == CONTTYPE)
-       fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag | O_CTG,
-                  mode, current_stat.st_size);
+  if (absolute_names_option
+      || ! (IS_ABSOLUTE_FILE_NAME (current_stat_info.link_name)
+           || contains_dot_dot (current_stat_info.link_name)))
+    {
+      while ((status = symlink (current_stat_info.link_name, file_name)))
+       if (!maybe_recoverable (file_name, &interdir_made))
+         break;
+
+      if (status == 0)
+       set_stat (file_name, &current_stat_info.stat, 0, 0, 0, SYMTYPE);
       else
-       fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag, mode);
+       symlink_error (current_stat_info.link_name, file_name);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* This symbolic link is potentially dangerous.  Don't
+        create it now; instead, create a placeholder file, which
+        will be replaced after other extraction is done.  */
+      struct stat st;
 
-#else /* not O_CTG */
-      if (typeflag == CONTTYPE)
-       {
-         static int conttype_diagnosed;
+      while ((fd = open (file_name, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0)) < 0)
+       if (! maybe_recoverable (file_name, &interdir_made))
+         break;
 
-         if (!conttype_diagnosed)
+      status = -1;
+      if (fd < 0)
+       open_error (file_name);
+      else if (fstat (fd, &st) != 0)
+       {
+         stat_error (file_name);
+         close (fd);
+       }
+      else if (close (fd) != 0)
+       close_error (file_name);
+      else
+       {
+         struct delayed_set_stat *h;
+         struct delayed_symlink *p = xmalloc (offsetof (struct delayed_symlink, target)
+                                              + strlen (current_stat_info.link_name)
+                                              + 1);
+         p->next = delayed_symlink_head;
+         delayed_symlink_head = p;
+         p->dev = st.st_dev;
+         p->ino = st.st_ino;
+         p->mtime = st.st_mtime;
+         p->uid = current_stat_info.stat.st_uid;
+         p->gid = current_stat_info.stat.st_gid;
+         p->sources = xmalloc (offsetof (struct string_list, string)
+                               + strlen (file_name) + 1);
+         p->sources->next = 0;
+         strcpy (p->sources->string, file_name);
+         strcpy (p->target, current_stat_info.link_name);
+
+         h = delayed_set_stat_head;
+         if (h && ! h->after_symlinks
+             && strncmp (file_name, h->file_name, h->file_name_len) == 0
+             && ISSLASH (file_name[h->file_name_len])
+             && (base_name (file_name) == file_name + h->file_name_len + 1))
            {
-             conttype_diagnosed = 1;
-             WARN ((0, 0, _("Extracting contiguous files as regular files")));
+             do
+               {
+                 h->after_symlinks = 1;
+
+                 if (stat (h->file_name, &st) != 0)
+                   stat_error (h->file_name);
+                 else
+                   {
+                     h->stat_info.st_dev = st.st_dev;
+                     h->stat_info.st_ino = st.st_ino;
+                   }
+               }
+             while ((h = h->next) && ! h->after_symlinks);
            }
-       }
-      fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag, mode);
 
-#endif /* not O_CTG */
+         status = 0;
+       }
+    }
 
-      if (fd < 0)
-       {
-         if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
-           goto again_file;
+  return status;
 
-         open_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-         skip_member ();
-         if (backup_option)
-           undo_last_backup ();
-         break;
-       }
+#else
+  static int warned_once;
 
-    extract_file:
-      if (typeflag == GNUTYPE_SPARSE)
-       {
-         char *name;
-         size_t name_length_bis;
-
-         /* Kludge alert.  NAME is assigned to header.name because
-            during the extraction, the space that contains the header
-            will get scribbled on, and the name will get munged, so any
-            error messages that happen to contain the filename will look
-            REAL interesting unless we do this.  */
-
-         name_length_bis = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME) + 1;
-         name = xmalloc (name_length_bis);
-         memcpy (name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME, name_length_bis);
-         size = current_stat.st_size;
-         extract_sparse_file (fd, &size, current_stat.st_size, name);
-       }
-      else
-       for (size = current_stat.st_size;
-            size > 0;
-            size -= written)
-         {
-           if (multi_volume_option)
-             {
-               assign_string (&save_name, current_file_name);
-               save_totsize = current_stat.st_size;
-               save_sizeleft = size;
-             }
-
-           /* Locate data, determine max length writeable, write it,
-              block that we have used the data, then check if the write
-              worked.  */
-
-           data_block = find_next_block ();
-           if (! data_block)
-             {
-               ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
-               break;          /* FIXME: What happens, then?  */
-             }
-
-           written = available_space_after (data_block);
-
-           if (written > size)
-             written = size;
-           errno = 0;
-           sstatus = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, written);
-
-           set_next_block_after ((union block *)
-                                 (data_block->buffer + written - 1));
-           if (sstatus == written)
-             continue;
-
-           /* Error in writing to file.  Print it, skip to next file in
-              archive.  */
-
-           write_error_details (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, sstatus, written);
-           skip_file (size - written);
-           break;              /* still do the close, mod time, chmod, etc */
-         }
+  if (!warned_once)
+    {
+      warned_once = 1;
+      WARN ((0, 0, _("Attempting extraction of symbolic links as hard links")));
+    }
+  return extract_link (file_name, typeflag);
+#endif
+}
 
-      if (multi_volume_option)
-       assign_string (&save_name, 0);
+#if S_IFCHR || S_IFBLK
+static int
+extract_node (char *file_name, int typeflag)
+{
+  int status;
+  int interdir_made = 0;
 
-      /* If writing to stdout, don't try to do anything to the filename;
-        it doesn't exist, or we don't want to touch it anyway.  */
+  do
+    status = mknod (file_name, current_stat_info.stat.st_mode,
+                   current_stat_info.stat.st_rdev);
+  while (status && maybe_recoverable (file_name, &interdir_made));
 
-      if (to_stdout_option)
-       break;
+  if (status != 0)
+    mknod_error (file_name);
+  else
+    set_stat (file_name, &current_stat_info.stat, 0, 0, ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS, typeflag);
+  return status;
+}
+#endif
 
-      status = close (fd);
-      if (status < 0)
-       {
-         close_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-         if (backup_option)
-           undo_last_backup ();
-       }
+#if HAVE_MKFIFO || defined mkfifo
+static int
+extract_fifo (char *file_name, int typeflag)
+{
+  int status;
+  int interdir_made = 0;
 
-      set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0,
-               (old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES
-                ? UNKNOWN_PERMSTATUS
-                : ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS),
-               typeflag);
+  while ((status = mkfifo (file_name, current_stat_info.stat.st_mode)))
+    if (!maybe_recoverable (file_name, &interdir_made))
       break;
 
-    case SYMTYPE:
-#ifdef HAVE_SYMLINK
-      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
-       break;
+  if (status == 0)
+    set_stat (file_name, &current_stat_info.stat, NULL, 0,
+             ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS, typeflag);
+  else
+    mkfifo_error (file_name);
+  return status;
+}
+#endif
 
-      if (absolute_names_option
-         || (current_link_name[0] != '/'
-             && ! contains_dot_dot (current_link_name)))
-       {
-         while (status = symlink (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME),
-                status != 0)
-           if (!maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
-             break;
+static int
+extract_mangle_wrapper (char *file_name, int typeflag)
+{
+  extract_mangle ();
+  return 0;
+}
 
-         if (status == 0)
-           set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0, 0, SYMTYPE);
-         else
-           symlink_error (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-       }
-      else
-       {
-         /* This symbolic link is potentially dangerous.  Don't
-            create it now; instead, create a placeholder file, which
-            will be replaced after other extraction is done.  */
-         struct stat st;
 
-         while (fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0),
-                fd < 0)
-           if (! maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
-             break;
+static int
+extract_failure (char *file_name, int typeflag)
+{
+  return 1;
+}
 
-         status = -1;
-         if (fd < 0)
-           open_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-         else if (fstat (fd, &st) != 0)
-           {
-             stat_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-             close (fd);
-           }
-         else if (close (fd) != 0)
-           close_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-         else
-           {
-             size_t filelen = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-             size_t linklen = strlen (current_link_name);
-             struct delayed_symlink *p =
-               xmalloc (sizeof *p + filelen + linklen + 1);
-             p->next = delayed_symlink_head;
-             delayed_symlink_head = p;
-             p->dev = st.st_dev;
-             p->ino = st.st_ino;
-             p->mtime = st.st_mtime;
-             p->uid = current_stat.st_uid;
-             p->gid = current_stat.st_gid;
-             memcpy (p->names, CURRENT_FILE_NAME, filelen + 1);
-             memcpy (p->names + filelen + 1, current_link_name, linklen + 1);
-             status = 0;
-           }
-       }
-  
-      if (status != 0 && backup_option)
-       undo_last_backup ();
-      break;
+typedef int (*tar_extractor_t) (char *file_name, int typeflag);
 
-#else
-      {
-       static int warned_once;
+\f
 
-       if (!warned_once)
-         {
-           warned_once = 1;
-           WARN ((0, 0,
-                  _("Attempting extraction of symbolic links as hard links")));
-         }
-      }
-      typeflag = LNKTYPE;
-      /* Fall through.  */
-#endif
+/* Prepare to extract a file. Find extractor function.
+   Return zero if extraction should not proceed.  */
 
-    case LNKTYPE:
-      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
-       break;
+static int
+prepare_to_extract (char const *file_name, int typeflag, tar_extractor_t *fun)
+{
+  int rc = 1;
 
-    again_link:
-      {
-       struct stat st1, st2;
-       int e;
+  if (EXTRACT_OVER_PIPE)
+    rc = 0;
 
-       /* MSDOS does not implement links.  However, djgpp's link() actually
-          copies the file.  */
-       status = link (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
+  /* Select the extractor */
+  switch (typeflag)
+    {
+    case GNUTYPE_SPARSE:
+      *fun = extract_file;
+      rc = 1;
+      break;
 
-       if (status == 0)
-         break;
-       if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
-         goto again_link;
+    case AREGTYPE:
+    case REGTYPE:
+    case CONTTYPE:
+      /* Appears to be a file.  But BSD tar uses the convention that a slash
+        suffix means a directory.  */
+      if (current_stat_info.had_trailing_slash)
+       *fun = extract_dir;
+      else
+       {
+         *fun = extract_file;
+         rc = 1;
+       }
+      break;
 
-       if (incremental_option && errno == EEXIST)
-         break;
-       e = errno;
-       if (stat (current_link_name, &st1) == 0
-           && stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &st2) == 0
-           && st1.st_dev == st2.st_dev
-           && st1.st_ino == st2.st_ino)
-         break;
+    case SYMTYPE:
+      *fun = extract_symlink;
+      break;
 
-       ERROR ((0, e, _("%s: Cannot link to %s"),
-               quotearg_colon (CURRENT_FILE_NAME),
-               quote (current_link_name)));
-       if (backup_option)
-         undo_last_backup ();
-      }
+    case LNKTYPE:
+      *fun = extract_link;
       break;
 
 #if S_IFCHR
     case CHRTYPE:
-      current_stat.st_mode |= S_IFCHR;
-      goto make_node;
+      current_stat_info.stat.st_mode |= S_IFCHR;
+      *fun = extract_node;
+      break;
 #endif
 
 #if S_IFBLK
     case BLKTYPE:
-      current_stat.st_mode |= S_IFBLK;
-#endif
-
-#if S_IFCHR || S_IFBLK
-    make_node:
-      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
-       break;
-
-      status = mknod (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, current_stat.st_mode,
-                     current_stat.st_rdev);
-      if (status != 0)
-       {
-         if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
-           goto make_node;
-         mknod_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-         if (backup_option)
-           undo_last_backup ();
-         break;
-       };
-      set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0,
-               ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS, typeflag);
+      current_stat_info.stat.st_mode |= S_IFBLK;
+      *fun = extract_node;
       break;
 #endif
 
 #if HAVE_MKFIFO || defined mkfifo
     case FIFOTYPE:
-      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
-       break;
-
-      while (status = mkfifo (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, current_stat.st_mode),
-            status != 0)
-       if (!maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
-         break;
-
-      if (status == 0)
-       set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0,
-                 ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS, typeflag);
-      else
-       {
-         mkfifo_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-         if (backup_option)
-           undo_last_backup ();
-       }
+      *fun = extract_fifo;
       break;
 #endif
 
     case DIRTYPE:
     case GNUTYPE_DUMPDIR:
-      name_length = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-
-    really_dir:
-      if (incremental_option)
-       {
-         /* Read the entry and delete files that aren't listed in the
-            archive.  */
-
-         gnu_restore (skipcrud);
-       }
-      else if (typeflag == GNUTYPE_DUMPDIR)
-       skip_member ();
-
-      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
-       break;
-
-      mode = ((current_stat.st_mode
-              | (we_are_root ? 0 : MODE_WXUSR))
-             & MODE_RWX);
-
-    again_dir:
-      status = mkdir (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, mode);
-      if (status != 0)
-       {
-         if (errno == EEXIST && interdir_made)
-           {
-             struct stat st;
-             if (stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &st) == 0)
-               {
-                 repair_delayed_set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &st);
-                 break;
-               }
-             errno = EEXIST;
-           }
-       
-         if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
-           goto again_dir;
-
-         if (errno != EEXIST || old_files_option == KEEP_OLD_FILES)
-           {
-             mkdir_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
-             if (backup_option)
-               undo_last_backup ();
-             break;
-           }
-       }
-
-      if (status == 0
-         || old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES)
-       delay_set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat,
-                       mode & ~ current_stat.st_mode,
-                       (status == 0
-                        ? ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS
-                        : UNKNOWN_PERMSTATUS));
+      *fun = extract_dir;
       break;
 
     case GNUTYPE_VOLHDR:
       if (verbose_option)
-       fprintf (stdlis, _("Reading %s\n"), quote (current_file_name));
+       fprintf (stdlis, _("Reading %s\n"), quote (current_stat_info.file_name));
+      *fun = NULL;
       break;
 
     case GNUTYPE_NAMES:
-      extract_mangle ();
+      *fun = extract_mangle_wrapper;
       break;
 
     case GNUTYPE_MULTIVOL:
       ERROR ((0, 0,
              _("%s: Cannot extract -- file is continued from another volume"),
-             quotearg_colon (current_file_name)));
-      skip_member ();
-      if (backup_option)
-       undo_last_backup ();
+             quotearg_colon (current_stat_info.file_name)));
+      *fun = extract_failure;
       break;
 
     case GNUTYPE_LONGNAME:
     case GNUTYPE_LONGLINK:
-      ERROR ((0, 0, _("Visible long name error")));
-      skip_member ();
-      if (backup_option)
-       undo_last_backup ();
+      ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected long name header")));
+      *fun = extract_failure;
       break;
 
     default:
       WARN ((0, 0,
-            _("%s: Unknown file type '%c', extracted as normal file"),
-            quotearg_colon (CURRENT_FILE_NAME), typeflag));
-      goto again_file;
+            _("%s: Unknown file type `%c', extracted as normal file"),
+            quotearg_colon (file_name), typeflag));
+      *fun = extract_file;
+    }
+
+  /* Determine whether the extraction should proceed */
+  if (rc == 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  switch (old_files_option)
+    {
+    case UNLINK_FIRST_OLD_FILES:
+      if (!remove_any_file (file_name,
+                            recursive_unlink_option ? RECURSIVE_REMOVE_OPTION
+                                                      : ORDINARY_REMOVE_OPTION)
+         && errno && errno != ENOENT)
+       {
+         unlink_error (file_name);
+         return 0;
+       }
+      break;
+
+    case KEEP_NEWER_FILES:
+      if (file_newer_p (file_name, &current_stat_info))
+       {
+         WARN ((0, 0, _("Current %s is newer or same age"),
+                quote (file_name)));
+         return 0;
+       }
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/* Extract a file from the archive.  */
+void
+extract_archive (void)
+{
+  char typeflag;
+  char *file_name;
+  tar_extractor_t fun;
+
+  set_next_block_after (current_header);
+  decode_header (current_header, &current_stat_info, &current_format, 1);
+
+  if (interactive_option && !confirm ("extract", current_stat_info.file_name))
+    {
+      skip_member ();
+      return;
+    }
+
+  /* Print the block from current_header and current_stat.  */
+
+  if (verbose_option)
+    print_header (&current_stat_info, -1);
+
+  file_name = safer_name_suffix (current_stat_info.file_name,
+                                 false, absolute_names_option);
+  if (strip_name_components)
+    {
+      size_t prefix_len = stripped_prefix_len (file_name, strip_name_components);
+      if (prefix_len == (size_t) -1)
+       {
+         skip_member ();
+         return;
+       }
+      file_name += prefix_len;
+    }
+
+  apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat (file_name, 0);
+
+  /* Take a safety backup of a previously existing file.  */
+
+  if (backup_option)
+    if (!maybe_backup_file (file_name, 0))
+      {
+       int e = errno;
+       ERROR ((0, e, _("%s: Was unable to backup this file"),
+               quotearg_colon (file_name)));
+       skip_member ();
+       return;
+      }
+
+  /* Extract the archive entry according to its type.  */
+
+  /* KLUDGE */
+  typeflag = sparse_member_p (&current_stat_info) ?
+                  GNUTYPE_SPARSE : current_header->header.typeflag;
+
+  if (prepare_to_extract (file_name, typeflag, &fun))
+    {
+      if (fun && (*fun) (file_name, typeflag) && backup_option)
+       undo_last_backup ();
     }
+  else
+    skip_member ();
 
-#undef CURRENT_FILE_NAME
 }
 
 /* Extract the symbolic links whose final extraction were delayed.  */
 static void
 apply_delayed_symlinks (void)
 {
-  struct delayed_symlink *p;
-  struct delayed_symlink *next;
+  struct delayed_symlink *ds;
 
-  for (p = delayed_symlink_head; p; p = next)
+  for (ds = delayed_symlink_head; ds; )
     {
-      char const *file = p->names;
-      struct stat st;
+      struct string_list *sources = ds->sources;
+      char const *valid_source = 0;
 
-      /* Before doing anything, make sure the placeholder file is still
-        there.  If the placeholder isn't there, don't worry about it, as
-        it may have been removed by a later extraction.  */
-      if (lstat (file, &st) == 0
-         && st.st_dev == p->dev
-         && st.st_ino == p->ino
-         && st.st_mtime == p->mtime)
+      for (sources = ds->sources; sources; sources = sources->next)
        {
-         if (unlink (file) != 0)
-           unlink_error (file);
-         else
+         char const *source = sources->string;
+         struct stat st;
+
+         /* Make sure the placeholder file is still there.  If not,
+            don't create a symlink, as the placeholder was probably
+            removed by a later extraction.  */
+         if (lstat (source, &st) == 0
+             && st.st_dev == ds->dev
+             && st.st_ino == ds->ino
+             && st.st_mtime == ds->mtime)
            {
-             char const *contents = file + strlen (file) + 1;
-             if (symlink (contents, file) != 0)
-               symlink_error (contents, file);
+             /* Unlink the placeholder, then create a hard link if possible,
+                a symbolic link otherwise.  */
+             if (unlink (source) != 0)
+               unlink_error (source);
+             else if (valid_source && link (valid_source, source) == 0)
+               ;
+             else if (symlink (ds->target, source) != 0)
+               symlink_error (ds->target, source);
              else
                {
-                 st.st_uid = p->uid;
-                 st.st_gid = p->gid;
-                 set_stat (file, &st, 0, 0, SYMTYPE);
+                 valid_source = source;
+                 st.st_uid = ds->uid;
+                 st.st_gid = ds->gid;
+                 set_stat (source, &st, 0, 0, 0, SYMTYPE);
                }
            }
        }
 
-      next = p->next;
-      free (p);
+      for (sources = ds->sources; sources; )
+       {
+         struct string_list *next = sources->next;
+         free (sources);
+         sources = next;
+       }
+
+      {
+       struct delayed_symlink *next = ds->next;
+       free (ds);
+       ds = next;
+      }
     }
 
   delayed_symlink_head = 0;
@@ -1150,10 +1241,16 @@ apply_delayed_symlinks (void)
 void
 extract_finish (void)
 {
-  /* Apply delayed symlinks last, so that they don't affect
-     delayed directory status-setting.  */
-  apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat ("");
+  /* First, fix the status of ordinary directories that need fixing.  */
+  apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat ("", 0);
+
+  /* Then, apply delayed symlinks, so that they don't affect delayed
+     directory status-setting for ordinary directories.  */
   apply_delayed_symlinks ();
+
+  /* Finally, fix the status of directories that are ancestors
+     of delayed symlinks.  */
+  apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat ("", 1);
 }
 
 void
@@ -1163,3 +1260,10 @@ fatal_exit (void)
   error (TAREXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("Error is not recoverable: exiting now"));
   abort ();
 }
+
+void
+xalloc_die (void)
+{
+  error (0, 0, "%s", _("memory exhausted"));
+  fatal_exit ();
+}
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