Exclude from dump any directory containing a valid cache directory
tag file. @xref{exclude}.
+@opsummary{exclude-ignore}
+@item --exclude-ignore=@var{file}
+Before dumping a directory, @command{tar} checks if it contains
+@var{file}. If so, exclusion patterns are read from this file.
+The patterns affect only the directory itself. @xref{exclude}.
+
+@opsummary{exclude-ignore-recursive}
+@item --exclude-ignore-recursive=@var{file}
+Before dumping a directory, @command{tar} checks if it contains
+@var{file}. If so, exclusion patterns are read from this file.
+The patterns affect the directory and all itssubdirectories.
+@xref{exclude}.
+
@opsummary{exclude-tag}
@item --exclude-tag=@var{file}
Exclude from dump directories and files, that are internal for some
widely used version control systems.
-@xref{exclude,,exclude-vcs}.
+@xref{exclude-vcs}.
+
+@opsummary{exclude-vcs-ignores}
+@item --exclude-vcs-ignores
+Exclude files that match patterns read from VCS-specific ignore
+files. Supported files are: @file{.cvsignore}, @file{.gitignore},
+@file{.bzrignore}, and @file{.hgignore}. The semantics of each file
+is the same as for the corresponding VCS, e.g. patterns read from
+@file{.gitignore} affect the directory and all its subdirectories.
+@xref{exclude-vcs-ignores}.
@opsummary{file}
@item --file=@var{archive}
directories that are on different file systems from the current
directory.
+@opsummary{one-top-level}
+@item --one-top-level[=@var{dir}]
+Tells @command{tar} to create a new directory beneath the extraction directory
+(or the one passed to @option{-C}) and use it to guard against
+tarbombs. In the absence of @var{dir} argument, the name of the new directory
+will be equal to the base name of the archive (file name minus the
+archive suffix, if recognized). Any member names that do not begin
+with that directory name (after
+transformations from @option{--transform} and
+@option{--strip-components}) will be prefixed with it. Recognized
+file name suffixes are @samp{.tar}, and any compression suffixes
+recognizable by @xref{--auto-compress}.
+
@opsummary{overwrite}
@item --overwrite
this option to produce warning messages about existing old files
(@pxref{warnings}).
+@opsummary{sort}
+@item --sort=@var{order}
+Specify the directory sorting order when reading directories.
+@var{Order} may be one of the following:
+
+@table @samp
+@item none
+No directory sorting is performed. This is the default.
+
+@item name
+Sort the directory entries on name. The operating system may deliver
+directory entries in a more or less random order, and sorting them
+makes archive creation reproducible.
+
+@item inode
+Sort the directory entries on inode number. Sorting directories on
+inode number may reduce the amount of disk seek operations when
+creating an archive for some file systems.
+
+@end table
+
@opsummary{sparse}
@item --sparse
@itemx -S
@smallexample
tar (GNU tar) @value{VERSION}
-Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2013-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
tar: Hit write checkpoint #30
@end smallexample
-The complete list of available format specifiers follows:
+The complete list of available format specifiers follows. Some of
+them can take optional arguments. These arguments, if given, are
+supplied in curly braces between the percent sign and the specifier
+letter.
@table @samp
@item %s
@item %u
Print number of the checkpoint.
-@item %T
+@item %@{r,w,d@}T
Print number of bytes transferred so far and approximate transfer
-speed. The number is preceded by @samp{W:}, when writing and by
-@samp{R:} when reading. If @command{tar} is performing delete
-operation (@pxref{delete}), three numbers are printed: number of bytes
-read, written and deleted, each of them prefixed by @samp{R:},
-@samp{W:} and @samp{D:} correspondingy. For example:
+speed. Optional arguments supply prefixes to be used before number
+of bytes read, written and deleted, correspondingly. If absent,
+they default to @samp{R}. @samp{W}, @samp{D}. Any or all of them can
+be omitted, so, that e.g. @samp{%@{@}T} means to print corresponding
+statistics without any prefixes. Any surplus arguments, if present,
+are silently ignored.
@example
$ @kbd{tar --delete -f f.tar --checkpoint-action=echo="#%u: %T" main.c}
-tar: #1: R: 0 (0B, ?/s),W: 0 (0B, ?/s),D: 0
+tar: #1: R: 0 (0B, 0B/s),W: 0 (0B, 0B/s),D: 0
tar: #2: R: 10240 (10KiB, 19MiB/s),W: 0 (0B, 0B/s),D: 10240
@end example
Pad output with spaces to the @var{n}th column. If the
@samp{@{@var{n}@}} part is omitted, the current screen width
is assumed.
+
+@item %c
+This is a shortcut for @samp{%@{%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S@}t: %ds, %@{read,wrote@}T%*\r},
+intended mainly for use with @samp{ttyout} action (see below).
@end table
Aside from format expansion, the message string is subject to
However, empty lines are OK.
+@cindex VCS, excluding patterns from ignore files
+@cindex VCS, ignore files
+@cindex CVS, ignore files
+@cindex Git, ignore files
+@cindex Bazaar, ignore files
+@cindex Mercurial, ignore files
+When archiving directories that are under some version control system (VCS),
+it is often convenient to read exclusion patterns from this VCS'
+ignore files (e.g. @file{.cvsignore}, @file{.gitignore}, etc.) The
+following options provide such possibilty:
+
+@table @option
+@anchor{exclude-vcs-ignores}
+@opindex exclude-vcs-ignores
+@item --exclude-vcs-ignores
+Before archiving a directory, see if it contains any of the following
+files: @file{cvsignore}, @file{.gitignore}, @file{.bzrignore}, or
+@file{.hgignore}. If so, read ignore patterns from these files.
+
+The patterns are treated much as the corresponding VCS would treat
+them, i.e.:
+
+@table @file
+@findex .cvsignore
+@item .cvsignore
+Contains shell-style globbing patterns that apply only to the
+directory where this file resides. No comments are allowed in the
+file. Empty lines are ignored.
+
+@findex .gitignore
+@item .gitignore
+Contains shell-style globbing patterns. Applies to the directory
+where @file{.gitfile} is located and all its subdirectories.
+
+Any line beginning with a @samp{#} is a comment. Backslash escapes
+the comment character.
+
+@findex .bzrignore
+@item .bzrignore
+Contains shell globbing-patterns and regular expressions (if prefixed
+with @samp{RE:}@footnote{According to the Bazaar docs,
+globbing-patterns are Korn-shell style and regular expressions are
+perl-style. As of @GNUTAR{} version @value{VERSION}, these are
+treated as shell-style globs and posix extended regexps. This will be
+fixed in future releases.}. Patterns affect the directory and all its
+subdirectories.
+
+Any line beginning with a @samp{#} is a comment.
+
+@findex .hgignore
+@item .hgignore
+Contains posix regular expressions@footnote{Support for perl-style
+regexps will appear in future releases.}. The line @samp{syntax:
+glob} switches to shell globbing patterns. The line @samp{syntax:
+regexp} switches back. Comments begin with a @samp{#}. Patterns
+affect the directory and all its subdirectories.
+@end table
+
+@opindex exclude-ignore
+@item --exclude-ignore=@var{file}
+Before dumping a directory, @command{tar} checks if it contains
+@var{file}. If so, exclusion patterns are read from this file.
+The patterns affect only the directory itself.
+
+@opindex exclude-ignore-recursive
+@item --exclude-ignore-recursive=@var{file}
+Same as @option{--exclude-ignore}, except that the patterns read
+affect both the directory where @var{file} resides and all its
+subdirectories.
+@end table
+
@table @option
@cindex version control system, excluding files
@cindex VCS, excluding files
@cindex Arch, excluding files
@cindex Mercurial, excluding files
@cindex Darcs, excluding files
+@anchor{exclude-vcs}
@opindex exclude-vcs
@item --exclude-vcs
Exclude files and directories used by following version control
projects / chaz / tar / blobdiff