]> Dogcows Code - chaz/tar/blobdiff - src/extract.c
Fix copyright notice.
[chaz/tar] / src / extract.c
index a4f8ca910dbb5d906b4d2ce50fd5693dbb2740e2..96d487c490053d03e89d13952bbccb2a535a9435 100644 (file)
 /* Extract files from a tar archive.
-   Copyright (C) 1988 Free Software Foundation
-
-This file is part of GNU Tar.
-
-GNU Tar is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
-any later version.
-
-GNU Tar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-along with GNU Tar; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
-the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.  */
-
-/*
- * Extract files from a tar archive.
- *
- * Written 19 Nov 1985 by John Gilmore, ihnp4!hoptoad!gnu.
- */
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#ifndef STDC_HEADERS
-extern int errno;
-#endif
-#include <sys/types.h>
+   Copyright (C) 1988, 92,93,94,96,97,98, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Written by John Gilmore, on 1985-11-19.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+   Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+   version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General
+   Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+   59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
+
+#include "system.h"
+
 #include <time.h>
-time_t time();
+time_t time ();
 
-#ifdef BSD42
-#include <sys/file.h>
+#if HAVE_UTIME_H
+# include <utime.h>
 #else
-#ifndef V7
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#endif
+struct utimbuf
+  {
+    long actime;
+    long modtime;
+  };
 #endif
 
-#ifdef NO_OPEN3
-/* We need the #define's even though we don't use them. */
-#include "open3.h"
-#endif
+#include "common.h"
 
-#ifdef EMUL_OPEN3
-/* Simulated 3-argument open for systems that don't have it */
-#include "open3.h"
-#endif
+static time_t now;             /* current time */
+static int we_are_root;                /* true if our effective uid == 0 */
+static mode_t newdir_umask;    /* umask when creating new directories */
+static mode_t current_umask;   /* current umask (which is set to 0 if -p) */
 
-#include "tar.h"
-#include "port.h"
+#if 0
+/* "Scratch" space to store the information about a sparse file before
+   writing the info into the header or extended header.  */
+struct sp_array *sparsearray;
 
-#if defined(_POSIX_VERSION)
-#include <utime.h>
+/* Number of elts storable in the sparsearray.  */
+int   sp_array_size = 10;
 #endif
 
-extern FILE *msg_file;
-
-extern union record *head;             /* Points to current tape header */
-extern struct stat hstat;              /* Stat struct corresponding */
-extern int head_standard;              /* Tape header is in ANSI format */
-
-extern char *save_name;
-extern long save_totsize;
-extern long save_sizeleft;
-
-int confirm();
-void decode_header();
-void extract_mangle();
-void extract_sparse_file();
-long from_oct();
-void gnu_restore();
-extern void print_header();
-extern void skip_file();
-extern void skip_extended_headers();
-extern void pr_mkdir();
-void saverec();
-
-int make_dirs();                       /* Makes required directories */
-
-static time_t now = 0;                 /* Current time */
-static we_are_root = 0;                        /* True if our effective uid == 0 */
-static int notumask = ~0;              /* Masks out bits user doesn't want */
-
-/*
- * "Scratch" space to store the information about a sparse file before
- * writing the info into the header or extended header
- */
-/*struct sp_array      *sparsearray;*/
-
-/* number of elts storable in the sparsearray */
-/*int  sp_array_size = 10;*/
-
-/*
- * Set up to extract files.
- */
+struct delayed_set_stat
+  {
+    struct delayed_set_stat *next;
+    char *file_name;
+    struct stat stat_info;
+  };
+
+static struct delayed_set_stat *delayed_set_stat_head;
+
+/*--------------------------.
+| Set up to extract files.  |
+`--------------------------*/
+
 void
-extr_init()
+extr_init (void)
 {
-       int ourmask;
-
-       now = time((time_t *)0);
-       if (geteuid() == 0)
-               we_are_root = 1;
-
-       /*
-        * We need to know our umask.  But if f_use_protection is set,
-        * leave our kernel umask at 0, and our "notumask" at ~0.
-        */
-       ourmask = umask(0);             /* Read it */
-       if (!f_use_protection) {
-               (void) umask (ourmask); /* Set it back how it was */
-               notumask = ~ourmask;    /* Make umask override permissions */
-       }
+  now = time ((time_t *) 0);
+  we_are_root = geteuid () == 0;
+
+  /* Option -p clears the kernel umask, so it does not affect proper
+     restoration of file permissions.  New intermediate directories will
+     comply with umask at start of program.  */
+
+  newdir_umask = umask (0);
+  if (same_permissions_option)
+    current_umask = 0;
+  else
+    {
+      umask (newdir_umask);    /* restore the kernel umask */
+      current_umask = newdir_umask;
+    }
+
+  /* FIXME: Just make sure we can add files in directories we create.  Maybe
+     should we later remove permissions we are adding, here?  */
+  newdir_umask &= ~0300;
 }
 
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Restore mode for FILE_NAME, from information given in STAT_INFO.  |
+`------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-/*
- * Extract a file from the archive.
- */
-void
-extract_archive()
+static void
+set_mode (char *file_name, struct stat *stat_info)
 {
-       register char *data;
-       int fd, check, namelen, written, openflag;
-       long size;
-       time_t acc_upd_times[2];
-       register int skipcrud;
-       register int i;
-/*     int sparse_ind = 0;*/
-       union record *exhdr;    
-/*     int end_nulls; */
-       
-       saverec(&head);                 /* Make sure it sticks around */
-       userec(head);                   /* And go past it in the archive */
-       decode_header(head, &hstat, &head_standard, 1); /* Snarf fields */
-
-       if(f_confirm && !confirm("extract",head->header.name)) {
-               if (head->header.isextended)
-                       skip_extended_headers();
-               skip_file((long)hstat.st_size);
-               saverec((union record **)0);
-               return;
+  /* We ought to force permission when -k is not selected, because if the
+     file already existed, open or creat would save the permission bits from
+     the previously created file, ignoring the ones we specified.
+
+     But with -k selected, we know *we* created this file, so the mode
+     bits were set by our open.  If the file has abnormal mode bits, we must
+     chmod since writing or chown has probably reset them.  If the file is
+     normal, we merely skip the chmod.  This works because we did umask (0)
+     when -p, so umask will have left the specified mode alone.  */
+
+  if (!keep_old_files_option
+      || (stat_info->st_mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISVTX)))
+    if (chmod (file_name, ~current_umask & stat_info->st_mode) < 0)
+      ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Cannot change mode to %0.4lo"),
+             file_name,
+             (unsigned long) (~current_umask & stat_info->st_mode)));
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Restore stat attributes (owner, group, mode and times) for FILE_NAME, |
+| using information given in STAT_INFO.  SYMLINK_FLAG is non-zero for a |
+| freshly restored symbolic link.                                      |
+`----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/* FIXME: About proper restoration of symbolic link attributes, we still do
+   not have it right.  Pretesters' reports tell us we need further study and
+   probably more configuration.  For now, just use lchown if it exists, and
+   punt for the rest.  Sigh!  */
+
+static void
+set_stat (char *file_name, struct stat *stat_info, int symlink_flag)
+{
+  struct utimbuf utimbuf;
+
+  if (!symlink_flag)
+    {
+      /* We do the utime before the chmod because some versions of utime are
+        broken and trash the modes of the file.  */
+
+      if (!touch_option)
+       {
+         /* We set the accessed time to `now', which is really the time we
+            started extracting files, unless incremental_option is used, in
+            which case .st_atime is used.  */
+
+         /* FIXME: incremental_option should set ctime too, but how?  */
+
+         if (incremental_option)
+           utimbuf.actime = stat_info->st_atime;
+         else
+           utimbuf.actime = now;
+
+         utimbuf.modtime = stat_info->st_mtime;
+
+         if (utime (file_name, &utimbuf) < 0)
+           ERROR ((0, errno,
+                   _("%s: Could not change access and modification times"),
+                   file_name));
        }
 
-       /* Print the record from 'head' and 'hstat' */
-       if (f_verbose)
-               print_header();
-
-       /*
-        * Check for fully specified pathnames and other atrocities.
-        *
-        * Note, we can't just make a pointer to the new file name,
-        * since saverec() might move the header and adjust "head".
-        * We have to start from "head" every time we want to touch
-        * the header record.
-        */
-       skipcrud = 0;
-       while (!f_absolute_paths && '/' == head->header.name[skipcrud]) {
-               static int warned_once = 0;
-
-               skipcrud++;     /* Force relative path */
-               if (!warned_once++) {
-                       msg("Removing leading / from absolute path names in the archive.");
-               }
+      /* Some systems allow non-root users to give files away.  Once this
+        done, it is not possible anymore to change file permissions, so we
+        have to set permissions prior to possibly giving files away.  */
+
+      set_mode (file_name, stat_info);
+    }
+
+  /* If we are root, set the owner and group of the extracted file, so we
+     extract as the original owner.  Or else, if we are running as a user,
+     leave the owner and group as they are, so we extract as that user.  */
+
+  if (we_are_root || same_owner_option)
+    {
+#if HAVE_LCHOWN
+
+      /* When lchown exists, it should be used to change the attributes of
+        the symbolic link itself.  In this case, a mere chown would change
+        the attributes of the file the symbolic link is pointing to, and
+        should be avoided.  */
+
+      if (symlink_flag)
+       {
+         if (lchown (file_name, stat_info->st_uid, stat_info->st_gid) < 0)
+           ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Cannot lchown to uid %lu gid %lu"),
+                   file_name,
+                   (unsigned long) stat_info->st_uid,
+                   (unsigned long) stat_info->st_gid));
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         if (chown (file_name, stat_info->st_uid, stat_info->st_gid) < 0)
+           ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Cannot chown to uid %lu gid %lu"),
+                   file_name,
+                   (unsigned long) stat_info->st_uid,
+                   (unsigned long) stat_info->st_gid));
        }
 
-       switch (head->header.linkflag) {
-
-       default:
-               msg("Unknown file type '%c' for %s, extracted as normal file",
-                       head->header.linkflag, skipcrud+head->header.name);
-               /* FALL THRU */
-
-       /* 
-        * JK - What we want to do if the file is sparse is loop through
-        * the array of sparse structures in the header and read in
-        * and translate the character strings representing  1) the offset
-        * at which to write and 2) how many bytes to write into numbers,
-        * which we store into the scratch array, "sparsearray".  This
-        * array makes our life easier the same way it did in creating
-        * the tar file that had to deal with a sparse file.
-        *
-        * After we read in the first five (at most) sparse structures,
-        * we check to see if the file has an extended header, i.e., 
-        * if more sparse structures are needed to describe the contents
-        * of the new file.  If so, we read in the extended headers
-        * and continue to store their contents into the sparsearray.
-        */
-       case LF_SPARSE:
-               sp_array_size = 10;
-               sparsearray = (struct sp_array *) malloc(sp_array_size * sizeof(struct sp_array));
-               for (i = 0; i < SPARSE_IN_HDR; i++) {
-                       sparsearray[i].offset = 
-                               from_oct(1+12, head->header.sp[i].offset);
-                       sparsearray[i].numbytes = 
-                               from_oct(1+12, head->header.sp[i].numbytes);
-                       if (!sparsearray[i].numbytes)
-                               break;
-               }
-               
-/*             end_nulls = from_oct(1+12, head->header.ending_blanks);*/
-               
-               if (head->header.isextended) {
-                       /* read in the list of extended headers
-                          and translate them into the sparsearray 
-                          as before */
-
-                       /* static */ int ind = SPARSE_IN_HDR;
-                       
-                       for (;;) {
-                               
-                               exhdr = findrec();
-                               for (i = 0; i < SPARSE_EXT_HDR; i++) {
-                                       
-                                       if (i+ind > sp_array_size-1) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * realloc the scratch area
-                                        * since we've run out of room --
-                                        */
-                                               sparsearray = (struct sp_array *) 
-                                                               realloc(sparsearray,
-                                                               2 * sp_array_size * (sizeof(struct sp_array)));
-                                               sp_array_size *= 2;
-                                       }
-                                       if (!exhdr->ext_hdr.sp[i].numbytes)
-                                               break;
-                                       sparsearray[i+ind].offset = 
-                                               from_oct(1+12, exhdr->ext_hdr.sp[i].offset);
-                                       sparsearray[i+ind].numbytes = 
-                                               from_oct(1+12, exhdr->ext_hdr.sp[i].numbytes);
-                               }
-                               if (!exhdr->ext_hdr.isextended) 
-                                       break;
-                               else {
-                                       ind += SPARSE_EXT_HDR;
-                                       userec(exhdr);
-                               }
-                       }
-                       userec(exhdr);
-               }
-               
-               /* FALL THRU */
-       case LF_OLDNORMAL:
-       case LF_NORMAL:
-       case LF_CONTIG:
-               /*
-                * Appears to be a file.
-                * See if it's really a directory.
-                */
-               namelen = strlen(skipcrud+head->header.name)-1;
-               if (head->header.name[skipcrud+namelen] == '/')
-                       goto really_dir;
-
-               /* FIXME, deal with protection issues */
-       again_file:
-               openflag = (f_keep?
-                       O_BINARY|O_NDELAY|O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL:
-                       O_BINARY|O_NDELAY|O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC)
-                       | ((head->header.linkflag == LF_SPARSE) ? 0 : O_APPEND);                        
-                       /*
-                        * JK - The last | is a kludge to solve the problem
-                        * the O_APPEND flag  causes with files we are
-                        * trying to make sparse:  when a file is opened
-                        * with O_APPEND, it writes  to the last place
-                        * that something was written, thereby ignoring
-                        * any lseeks that we have done.  We add this
-                        * extra condition to make it able to lseek when
-                        * a file is sparse, i.e., we don't open the new
-                        * file with this flag.  (Grump -- this bug caused
-                        * me to waste a good deal of time, I might add)
-                        */
-
-               if(f_exstdout) {
-                       fd = 1;
-                       goto extract_file;
-               }
-#ifdef O_CTG
-               /*
-                * Contiguous files (on the Masscomp) have to specify
-                * the size in the open call that creates them.
-                */
-               if (head->header.linkflag == LF_CONTIG)
-                       fd = open(skipcrud+head->header.name, openflag | O_CTG,
-                               hstat.st_mode, hstat.st_size);
-               else
+#else /* not HAVE_LCHOWN */
+
+      if (!symlink_flag)
+
+       if (chown (file_name, stat_info->st_uid, stat_info->st_gid) < 0)
+         ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Cannot chown to uid %lu gid %lu"),
+                 file_name,
+                 (unsigned long) stat_info->st_uid,
+                 (unsigned long) stat_info->st_gid));
+
+#endif/* not HAVE_LCHOWN */
+
+      if (!symlink_flag)
+
+       /* On a few systems, and in particular, those allowing to give files
+          away, changing the owner or group destroys the suid or sgid bits.
+          So let's attempt setting these bits once more.  */
+
+       if (stat_info->st_mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISVTX))
+         set_mode (file_name, stat_info);
+    }
+}
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------.
+| After a file/link/symlink/directory creation has failed, see if it's  |
+| because some required directory was not present, and if so, create all |
+| required directories.  Return non-zero if a directory was created.    |
+`-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int
+make_directories (char *file_name)
+{
+  char *cursor;                        /* points into path */
+  int did_something = 0;       /* did we do anything yet? */
+  int saved_errno = errno;     /* remember caller's errno */
+  int status;
+
+  for (cursor = strchr (file_name, '/');
+       cursor != NULL;
+       cursor = strchr (cursor + 1, '/'))
+    {
+      /* Avoid mkdir of empty string, if leading or double '/'.  */
+
+      if (cursor == file_name || cursor[-1] == '/')
+       continue;
+
+      /* Avoid mkdir where last part of path is '.'.  */
+
+      if (cursor[-1] == '.' && (cursor == file_name + 1 || cursor[-2] == '/'))
+       continue;
+
+      *cursor = '\0';          /* truncate the path there */
+      status = mkdir (file_name, ~newdir_umask & 0777);
+
+      if (status == 0)
+       {
+         /* Fix ownership.  */
+
+         if (we_are_root)
+           if (chown (file_name, current_stat.st_uid, current_stat.st_gid) < 0)
+             ERROR ((0, errno,
+                     _("%s: Cannot change owner to uid %lu, gid %lu"),
+                     file_name,
+                     (unsigned long) current_stat.st_uid,
+                     (unsigned long) current_stat.st_gid));
+
+         print_for_mkdir (file_name, cursor - file_name,
+                          ~newdir_umask & 0777);
+         did_something = 1;
+
+         *cursor = '/';
+         continue;
+       }
+
+      *cursor = '/';
+
+      if (errno == EEXIST
+#if MSDOS
+         /* Turbo C mkdir gives a funny errno.  */
+         || errno == EACCES
 #endif
-               {
-#ifdef NO_OPEN3
-                       /*
-                        * On raw V7 we won't let them specify -k (f_keep), but
-                        * we just bull ahead and create the files.
-                        */
-                       fd = creat(skipcrud+head->header.name, 
-                               hstat.st_mode);
-#else
-                       /*
-                        * With 3-arg open(), we can do this up right.
-                        */
-                       fd = open(skipcrud+head->header.name, openflag,
-                               hstat.st_mode);
+         )
+       /* Directory already exists.  */
+       continue;
+
+      /* Some other error in the mkdir.  We return to the caller.  */
+      break;
+    }
+
+  errno = saved_errno;         /* FIXME: errno should be read-only */
+  return did_something;                /* tell them to retry if we made one */
+}
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Attempt repairing what went wrong with the extraction.  Delete an   |
+| already existing file or create missing intermediate directories.   |
+| Return nonzero if we somewhat increased our chances at a successful |
+| extraction.  errno is properly restored on zero return.            |
+`--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int
+maybe_recoverable (char *file_name)
+{
+  switch (errno)
+    {
+    case EEXIST:
+      /* Attempt deleting an existing file.  However, with -k, just stay
+        quiet.  */
+
+      if (keep_old_files_option)
+       return 0;
+
+      return remove_any_file (file_name, 0);
+
+    case ENOENT:
+      /* Attempt creating missing intermediate directories.  */
+
+      return make_directories (file_name);
+
+    default:
+      /* Just say we can't do anything about it...  */
+
+      return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/*---.
+| ?  |
+`---*/
+
+static void
+extract_sparse_file (int fd, off_t *sizeleft, off_t totalsize, char *name)
+{
+  union block *data_block;
+  int sparse_ind = 0;
+  size_t written;
+  ssize_t count;
+
+  /* FIXME: `data_block' might be used uninitialized in this function.
+     Reported by Bruno Haible.  */
+
+  /* assuming sizeleft is initially totalsize */
+
+  while (*sizeleft > 0)
+    {
+      data_block = find_next_block ();
+      if (data_block == NULL)
+       {
+         ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF on archive file")));
+         return;
+       }
+      lseek (fd, sparsearray[sparse_ind].offset, 0);
+      written = sparsearray[sparse_ind++].numbytes;
+      while (written > BLOCKSIZE)
+       {
+         count = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, BLOCKSIZE);
+         if (count < 0)
+           ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not write to file"), name));
+         written -= count;
+         *sizeleft -= count;
+         set_next_block_after (data_block);
+         data_block = find_next_block ();
+       }
+
+      count = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, written);
+
+      if (count < 0)
+       ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not write to file"), name));
+      else if (count != written)
+       {
+         char buf1[UINTMAX_STRSIZE_BOUND];
+         char buf2[UINTMAX_STRSIZE_BOUND];
+         ERROR ((0, 0, _("%s: Could only write %s of %s bytes"),
+                 name,
+                 STRINGIFY_BIGINT (totalsize - *sizeleft, buf1),
+                 STRINGIFY_BIGINT (totalsize, buf2)));
+         skip_file (*sizeleft);
+       }
+
+      written -= count;
+      *sizeleft -= count;
+      set_next_block_after (data_block);
+    }
+  free (sparsearray);
+  set_next_block_after (data_block);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------.
+| Extract a file from the archive.  |
+`----------------------------------*/
+
+void
+extract_archive (void)
+{
+  union block *data_block;
+  int fd;
+  int status;
+  ssize_t sstatus;
+  size_t name_length;
+  size_t written;
+  int openflag;
+  off_t size;
+  int skipcrud;
+  int counter;
+  char typeflag;
+#if 0
+  int sparse_ind = 0;
 #endif
-               }
+  union block *exhdr;
+  struct delayed_set_stat *data;
 
-               if (fd < 0) {
-                       if (make_dirs(skipcrud+head->header.name))
-                               goto again_file;
-                       msg_perror("Could not create file %s",skipcrud+head->header.name);
-                       if (head->header.isextended)
-                               skip_extended_headers();
-                       skip_file((long)hstat.st_size);
-                       goto quit;
-               }
+#define CURRENT_FILE_NAME (skipcrud + current_file_name)
 
-       extract_file:
-               if (head->header.linkflag == LF_SPARSE) {
-                       char    *name;
-                       int     namelen;
-
-                       /*
-                        * Kludge alert.  NAME is assigned to header.name
-                        * because during the extraction, the space that
-                        * contains the header will get scribbled on, and
-                        * the name will get munged, so any error messages
-                        * that happen to contain the filename will look
-                        * REAL interesting unless we do this.
-                        */
-                       namelen = strlen(skipcrud+head->header.name);
-                       name = (char *) malloc((sizeof(char)) * namelen);
-                       bcopy(skipcrud+head->header.name, name, namelen);
-                       size = hstat.st_size;
-                       extract_sparse_file(fd, &size, hstat.st_size,
-                                               name);
-               }                       
-               else            
-                 for (size = hstat.st_size;
-                      size > 0;
-                      size -= written) {
-
-/*                     long    offset,
-                               numbytes;*/
-
-                       if(f_multivol) {
-                               save_name=head->header.name;
-                               save_totsize=hstat.st_size;
-                               save_sizeleft=size;
-                       }
-                       
-                       /*
-                        * Locate data, determine max length
-                        * writeable, write it, record that
-                        * we have used the data, then check
-                        * if the write worked.
-                        */
-                       data = findrec()->charptr;
-                       if (data == NULL) {     /* Check it... */
-                               msg("Unexpected EOF on archive file");
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       /*
-                        * JK - If the file is sparse, use the sparsearray
-                        * that we created before to lseek into the new
-                        * file the proper amount, and to see how many
-                        * bytes we want to write at that position.
-                        */
-/*                     if (head->header.linkflag == LF_SPARSE) {
-                               off_t pos;
-                               
-                               pos = lseek(fd, (off_t) sparsearray[sparse_ind].offset, 0);
-                               printf("%d at %d\n", (int) pos, sparse_ind);
-                               written = sparsearray[sparse_ind++].numbytes;
-                       } else*/
-                       written = endofrecs()->charptr - data;
-                       if (written > size)
-                               written = size;
-                       errno = 0;
-                       check = write(fd, data, written);
-                       /*
-                        * The following is in violation of strict
-                        * typing, since the arg to userec
-                        * should be a struct rec *.  FIXME.
-                        */
-                       userec((union record *)(data + written - 1));
-                       if (check == written) continue;
-                       /*
-                        * Error in writing to file.
-                        * Print it, skip to next file in archive.
-                        */
-                       if(check<0)
-                               msg_perror("couldn't write to file %s",skipcrud+head->header.name);
-                       else
-                               msg("could only write %d of %d bytes to file %s",written,check,skipcrud+head->header.name);
-                       skip_file((long)(size - written));
-                       break;  /* Still do the close, mod time, chmod, etc */
-               }
+  set_next_block_after (current_header);
+  decode_header (current_header, &current_stat, &current_format, 1);
 
-               if(f_multivol)
-                       save_name = 0;
-
-                       /* If writing to stdout, don't try to do anything
-                          to the filename; it doesn't exist, or we don't
-                          want to touch it anyway */
-               if(f_exstdout)
-                       break;
-                       
-/*             if (head->header.isextended) {
-                       register union record *exhdr;
-                       register int i;
-                       
-                       for (i = 0; i < 21; i++) {
-                               long offset;
-                               
-                               if (!exhdr->ext_hdr.sp[i].numbytes)
-                                       break;
-                               offset = from_oct(1+12,
-                                               exhdr->ext_hdr.sp[i].offset);
-                               written = from_oct(1+12,
-                                               exhdr->ext_hdr.sp[i].numbytes);
-                               lseek(fd, offset, 0);
-                               check = write(fd, data, written);
-                               if (check == written) continue;
-
-                       }
-                       
-
-               }*/
-               check = close(fd);
-               if (check < 0) {
-                       msg_perror("Error while closing %s",skipcrud+head->header.name);
-               }
+  if (interactive_option && !confirm ("extract", current_file_name))
+    {
+      if (current_header->oldgnu_header.isextended)
+       skip_extended_headers ();
+      skip_file (current_stat.st_size);
+      return;
+    }
 
-               
-       set_filestat:
-
-               /*
-                * If we are root, set the owner and group of the extracted
-                * file.  This does what is wanted both on real Unix and on
-                * System V.  If we are running as a user, we extract as that
-                * user; if running as root, we extract as the original owner.
-                */
-               if (we_are_root || f_do_chown) {
-                       if (chown(skipcrud+head->header.name, hstat.st_uid,
-                                 hstat.st_gid) < 0) {
-                               msg_perror("cannot chown file %s to uid %d gid %d",skipcrud+head->header.name,hstat.st_uid,hstat.st_gid);
-                       }
-               }
+  /* Print the block from `current_header' and `current_stat'.  */
+
+  if (verbose_option)
+    print_header ();
+
+  /* Check for fully specified file names and other atrocities.  */
+
+  skipcrud = 0;
+  while (!absolute_names_option && CURRENT_FILE_NAME[0] == '/')
+    {
+      static int warned_once = 0;
 
-               /*
-                * Set the modified time of the file.
-                * 
-                * Note that we set the accessed time to "now", which
-                * is really "the time we started extracting files".
-                * unless f_gnudump is used, in which case .st_atime is used
-                */
-               if (!f_modified) {
-                       /* fixme if f_gnudump should set ctime too, but how? */
-                       if(f_gnudump)
-                               acc_upd_times[0]=hstat.st_atime;
-                       else acc_upd_times[0] = now;             /* Accessed now */
-                       acc_upd_times[1] = hstat.st_mtime; /* Mod'd */
-                       if (utime(skipcrud+head->header.name,
-                           acc_upd_times) < 0) {
-                               msg_perror("couldn't change access and modification times of %s",skipcrud+head->header.name);
-                       }
+      skipcrud++;              /* force relative path */
+      if (!warned_once)
+       {
+         warned_once = 1;
+         WARN ((0, 0, _("\
+Removing leading `/' from absolute path names in the archive")));
+       }
+    }
+
+  /* Take a safety backup of a previously existing file.  */
+
+  if (backup_option && !to_stdout_option)
+    if (!maybe_backup_file (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, 0))
+      {
+       ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Was unable to backup this file"),
+               CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+       if (current_header->oldgnu_header.isextended)
+         skip_extended_headers ();
+       skip_file (current_stat.st_size);
+       return;
+      }
+
+  /* Extract the archive entry according to its type.  */
+
+  typeflag = current_header->header.typeflag;
+  switch (typeflag)
+    {
+      /* JK - What we want to do if the file is sparse is loop through
+        the array of sparse structures in the header and read in and
+        translate the character strings representing 1) the offset at
+        which to write and 2) how many bytes to write into numbers,
+        which we store into the scratch array, "sparsearray".  This
+        array makes our life easier the same way it did in creating the
+        tar file that had to deal with a sparse file.
+
+        After we read in the first five (at most) sparse structures, we
+        check to see if the file has an extended header, i.e., if more
+        sparse structures are needed to describe the contents of the new
+        file.  If so, we read in the extended headers and continue to
+        store their contents into the sparsearray.  */
+
+    case GNUTYPE_SPARSE:
+      sp_array_size = 10;
+      sparsearray = (struct sp_array *)
+       xmalloc (sp_array_size * sizeof (struct sp_array));
+
+      for (counter = 0; counter < SPARSES_IN_OLDGNU_HEADER; counter++)
+       {
+         sparsearray[counter].offset =
+           OFF_FROM_OCT (current_header->oldgnu_header.sp[counter].offset);
+         sparsearray[counter].numbytes =
+           SIZE_FROM_OCT (current_header->oldgnu_header.sp[counter].numbytes);
+         if (!sparsearray[counter].numbytes)
+           break;
+       }
+
+      if (current_header->oldgnu_header.isextended)
+       {
+         /* Read in the list of extended headers and translate them
+            into the sparsearray as before.  Note that this
+            invalidates current_header.  */
+
+         /* static */ int ind = SPARSES_IN_OLDGNU_HEADER;
+
+         while (1)
+           {
+             exhdr = find_next_block ();
+             for (counter = 0; counter < SPARSES_IN_SPARSE_HEADER; counter++)
+               {
+                 if (counter + ind > sp_array_size - 1)
+                   {
+                     /* Realloc the scratch area since we've run out of
+                        room.  */
+
+                     sp_array_size *= 2;
+                     sparsearray = (struct sp_array *)
+                       xrealloc (sparsearray,
+                                 sp_array_size * (sizeof (struct sp_array)));
+                   }
+                 /* Compare to 0, or use !(int)..., for Pyramid's dumb
+                    compiler.  */
+                 if (exhdr->sparse_header.sp[counter].numbytes == 0)
+                   break;
+                 sparsearray[counter + ind].offset =
+                   OFF_FROM_OCT (exhdr->sparse_header.sp[counter].offset);
+                 sparsearray[counter + ind].numbytes =
+                   SIZE_FROM_OCT (exhdr->sparse_header.sp[counter].numbytes);
                }
-               /* We do the utime before the chmod because some versions of
-                  utime are broken and trash the modes of the file.  Since
-                  we then change the mode anyway, we don't care. . . */
-
-               /*
-                * If '-k' is not set, open() or creat() could have saved
-                * the permission bits from a previously created file,
-                * ignoring the ones we specified.
-                * Even if -k is set, if the file has abnormal
-                * mode bits, we must chmod since writing or chown() has
-                * probably reset them.
-                *
-                * If -k is set, we know *we* created this file, so the mode
-                * bits were set by our open().   If the file is "normal", we
-                * skip the chmod.  This works because we did umask(0) if -p
-                * is set, so umask will have left the specified mode alone.
-                */
-               if ((!f_keep)
-                   || (hstat.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_ISVTX))) {
-                       if (chmod(skipcrud+head->header.name,
-                                 notumask & (int)hstat.st_mode) < 0) {
-                               msg_perror("cannot change mode of file %s to %ld",skipcrud+head->header.name,notumask & (int)hstat.st_mode);
-                       }
+             if (!exhdr->sparse_header.isextended)
+               break;
+             else
+               {
+                 ind += SPARSES_IN_SPARSE_HEADER;
+                 set_next_block_after (exhdr);
                }
+           }
+         set_next_block_after (exhdr);
+       }
+      /* Fall through.  */
 
-       quit:
-               break;
+    case AREGTYPE:
+    case REGTYPE:
+    case CONTTYPE:
 
-       case LF_LINK:
-       again_link:
+      /* Appears to be a file.  But BSD tar uses the convention that a slash
+        suffix means a directory.  */
+
+      name_length = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME) - 1;
+      if (CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length] == '/')
+       goto really_dir;
+
+      /* FIXME: deal with protection issues.  */
+
+    again_file:
+      openflag = (keep_old_files_option ?
+                 O_BINARY | O_NDELAY | O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL :
+                 O_BINARY | O_NDELAY | O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC)
+       | ((typeflag == GNUTYPE_SPARSE) ? 0 : O_APPEND);
+
+      /* JK - The last | is a kludge to solve the problem the O_APPEND
+        flag causes with files we are trying to make sparse: when a file
+        is opened with O_APPEND, it writes to the last place that
+        something was written, thereby ignoring any lseeks that we have
+        done.  We add this extra condition to make it able to lseek when
+        a file is sparse, i.e., we don't open the new file with this
+        flag.  (Grump -- this bug caused me to waste a good deal of
+        time, I might add)  */
+
+      if (to_stdout_option)
        {
-               struct stat st1,st2;
-
-               check = link (head->header.linkname,
-                             skipcrud+head->header.name);
-               if (check == 0)
-                       break;
-               if (make_dirs(skipcrud+head->header.name))
-                       goto again_link;
-               if(f_gnudump && errno==EEXIST)
-                       break;
-               if(   stat(head->header.linkname, &st1) == 0
-                  && stat(skipcrud+head->header.name, &st2)==0
-                  && st1.st_dev==st2.st_dev
-                  && st1.st_ino==st2.st_ino)
-                       break;
-               msg_perror("Could not link %s to %s",
-                       skipcrud+head->header.name,head->header.linkname);
+         fd = 1;
+         goto extract_file;
        }
-               break;
 
-#ifdef S_ISLNK
-       case LF_SYMLINK:
-       again_symlink:
-               check = symlink(head->header.linkname,
-                               skipcrud+head->header.name);
-               /* FIXME, don't worry uid, gid, etc... */
-               if (check == 0)
-                       break;
-               if (make_dirs(skipcrud+head->header.name))
-                       goto again_symlink;
-               msg_perror("Could not create symlink to %s",head->header.linkname);
+      if (unlink_first_option)
+       remove_any_file (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, recursive_unlink_option);
+
+#if O_CTG
+      /* Contiguous files (on the Masscomp) have to specify the size in
+        the open call that creates them.  */
+
+      if (typeflag == CONTTYPE)
+       fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag | O_CTG,
+                  current_stat.st_mode, current_stat.st_size);
+      else
+       fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag, current_stat.st_mode);
+
+#else /* not O_CTG */
+      if (typeflag == CONTTYPE)
+       {
+         static int conttype_diagnosed = 0;
+
+         if (!conttype_diagnosed)
+           {
+             conttype_diagnosed = 1;
+             WARN ((0, 0, _("Extracting contiguous files as regular files")));
+           }
+       }
+      fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag, current_stat.st_mode);
+
+#endif /* not O_CTG */
+
+      if (fd < 0)
+       {
+         if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
+           goto again_file;
+
+         ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not create file"),
+                 CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+         if (current_header->oldgnu_header.isextended)
+           skip_extended_headers ();
+         skip_file (current_stat.st_size);
+         if (backup_option)
+           undo_last_backup ();
+         break;
+       }
+
+    extract_file:
+      if (typeflag == GNUTYPE_SPARSE)
+       {
+         char *name;
+         size_t name_length_bis;
+
+         /* Kludge alert.  NAME is assigned to header.name because
+            during the extraction, the space that contains the header
+            will get scribbled on, and the name will get munged, so any
+            error messages that happen to contain the filename will look
+            REAL interesting unless we do this.  */
+
+         name_length_bis = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME) + 1;
+         name = (char *) xmalloc (name_length_bis);
+         memcpy (name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME, name_length_bis);
+         size = current_stat.st_size;
+         extract_sparse_file (fd, &size, current_stat.st_size, name);
+       }
+      else
+       for (size = current_stat.st_size;
+            size > 0;
+            size -= written)
+         {
+           if (multi_volume_option)
+             {
+               assign_string (&save_name, current_file_name);
+               save_totsize = current_stat.st_size;
+               save_sizeleft = size;
+             }
+
+           /* Locate data, determine max length writeable, write it,
+              block that we have used the data, then check if the write
+              worked.  */
+
+           data_block = find_next_block ();
+           if (data_block == NULL)
+             {
+               ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF on archive file")));
+               break;          /* FIXME: What happens, then?  */
+             }
+
+           /* If the file is sparse, use the sparsearray that we created
+              before to lseek into the new file the proper amount, and to
+              see how many bytes we want to write at that position.  */
+
+#if 0
+           if (typeflag == GNUTYPE_SPARSE)
+             {
+               lseek (fd, sparsearray[sparse_ind].offset, 0);
+               written = sparsearray[sparse_ind++].numbytes;
+             }
+           else
+#endif
+             written = available_space_after (data_block);
+
+           if (written > size)
+             written = size;
+           errno = 0;          /* FIXME: errno should be read-only */
+           sstatus = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, written);
+
+           set_next_block_after ((union block *)
+                                 (data_block->buffer + written - 1));
+           if (sstatus == written)
+             continue;
+
+           /* Error in writing to file.  Print it, skip to next file in
+              archive.  */
+
+           if (sstatus < 0)
+             ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not write to file"),
+                     CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+           else
+             ERROR ((0, 0, _("%s: Could only write %lu of %lu bytes"),
+                     CURRENT_FILE_NAME,
+                     (unsigned long) sstatus,
+                     (unsigned long) written));
+           skip_file (size - written);
+           break;              /* still do the close, mod time, chmod, etc */
+         }
+
+      if (multi_volume_option)
+       assign_string (&save_name, NULL);
+
+      /* If writing to stdout, don't try to do anything to the filename;
+        it doesn't exist, or we don't want to touch it anyway.  */
+
+      if (to_stdout_option)
+       break;
+
+#if 0
+      if (current_header->header.isextended)
+       {
+         union block *exhdr;
+         int counter;
+
+         for (counter = 0; counter < 21; counter++)
+           {
+             off_t offset;
+
+             if (!exhdr->sparse_header.sp[counter].numbytes)
                break;
+             offset = OFF_FROM_OCT (exhdr->sparse_header.sp[counter].offset);
+             written
+               = SIZE_FROM_OCT (exhdr->sparse_header.sp[counter].numbytes);
+             lseek (fd, offset, 0);
+             sstatus = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, written);
+             if (sstatus == written)
+               continue;
+           }
+       }
 #endif
+      status = close (fd);
+      if (status < 0)
+       {
+         ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Error while closing"), CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+         if (backup_option)
+           undo_last_backup ();
+       }
+
+      set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0);
+      break;
+
+    case SYMTYPE:
+      if (to_stdout_option)
+       break;
+
+#ifdef S_ISLNK
+      if (unlink_first_option)
+       remove_any_file (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, recursive_unlink_option);
+
+      while (status = symlink (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME),
+            status != 0)
+       if (!maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
+         break;
+
+      if (status == 0)
 
-#ifdef S_IFCHR
-       case LF_CHR:
-               hstat.st_mode |= S_IFCHR;
-               goto make_node;
+       /* Setting the attributes of symbolic links might, on some systems,
+          change the pointed to file, instead of the symbolic link itself.
+          At least some of these systems have a lchown call, and the
+          set_stat routine knows about this.    */
+
+       set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 1);
+
+      else
+       {
+         ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not create symlink to `%s'"),
+                 CURRENT_FILE_NAME, current_link_name));
+         if (backup_option)
+           undo_last_backup ();
+       }
+      break;
+
+#else /* not S_ISLNK */
+      {
+       static int warned_once = 0;
+
+       if (!warned_once)
+         {
+           warned_once = 1;
+           WARN ((0, 0, _("\
+Attempting extraction of symbolic links as hard links")));
+         }
+      }
+      /* Fall through.  */
+
+#endif /* not S_ISLNK */
+
+    case LNKTYPE:
+      if (to_stdout_option)
+       break;
+
+      if (unlink_first_option)
+       remove_any_file (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, recursive_unlink_option);
+
+    again_link:
+      {
+       struct stat st1, st2;
+
+       /* MSDOS does not implement links.  However, djgpp's link() actually
+          copies the file.  */
+       status = link (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
+
+       if (status == 0)
+         break;
+       if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
+         goto again_link;
+
+       if (incremental_option && errno == EEXIST)
+         break;
+       if (stat (current_link_name, &st1) == 0
+           && stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &st2) == 0
+           && st1.st_dev == st2.st_dev
+           && st1.st_ino == st2.st_ino)
+         break;
+
+       ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not link to `%s'"),
+               CURRENT_FILE_NAME, current_link_name));
+       if (backup_option)
+         undo_last_backup ();
+      }
+      break;
+
+#if S_IFCHR
+    case CHRTYPE:
+      current_stat.st_mode |= S_IFCHR;
+      goto make_node;
 #endif
 
-#ifdef S_IFBLK
-       case LF_BLK:
-               hstat.st_mode |= S_IFBLK;
+#if S_IFBLK
+    case BLKTYPE:
+      current_stat.st_mode |= S_IFBLK;
 #endif
+
 #if defined(S_IFCHR) || defined(S_IFBLK)
-       make_node:
-               check = mknod(skipcrud+head->header.name,
-                             (int) hstat.st_mode, (int) hstat.st_rdev);
-               if (check != 0) {
-                       if (make_dirs(skipcrud+head->header.name))
-                               goto make_node;
-                       msg_perror("Could not make %s",skipcrud+head->header.name);
-                       break;
-               };
-               goto set_filestat;
+    make_node:
+      if (to_stdout_option)
+       break;
+
+      if (unlink_first_option)
+       remove_any_file (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, recursive_unlink_option);
+
+      status = mknod (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, current_stat.st_mode,
+                     current_stat.st_rdev);
+      if (status != 0)
+       {
+         if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
+           goto make_node;
+
+         ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not make node"), CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+         if (backup_option)
+           undo_last_backup ();
+         break;
+       };
+      set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0);
+      break;
 #endif
 
 #ifdef S_ISFIFO
-       /* If local system doesn't support FIFOs, use default case */
-       case LF_FIFO:
-       make_fifo:
-               check = mkfifo(skipcrud+head->header.name,
-                              (int) hstat.st_mode);
-               if (check != 0) {
-                       if (make_dirs(skipcrud+head->header.name))
-                               goto make_fifo;
-                       msg_perror("Could not make %s",skipcrud+head->header.name);
-                       break;
-               };
-               goto set_filestat;
-#endif
+    case FIFOTYPE:
+      if (to_stdout_option)
+       break;
 
-       case LF_DIR:
-       case LF_DUMPDIR:
-               namelen = strlen(skipcrud+head->header.name)-1;
-       really_dir:
-               /* Check for trailing /, and zap as many as we find. */
-               while (namelen && head->header.name[skipcrud+namelen] == '/')
-                       head->header.name[skipcrud+namelen--] = '\0';
-               if(f_gnudump) {         /* Read the entry and delete files
-                                          that aren't listed in the archive */
-                       gnu_restore(skipcrud);
-               
-               } else if(head->header.linkflag==LF_DUMPDIR)
-                       skip_file((long)(hstat.st_size));
-
-       
-       again_dir:
-               check = mkdir(skipcrud+head->header.name,
-                             (we_are_root ? 0 : 0300) | (int)hstat.st_mode);
-               if (check != 0) {
-                       struct stat st1;
-
-                       if (make_dirs(skipcrud+head->header.name))
-                               goto again_dir;
-                       /* If we're trying to create '.', let it be. */
-                       if (head->header.name[skipcrud+namelen] == '.' && 
-                           (namelen==0 ||
-                            head->header.name[skipcrud+namelen-1]=='/'))
-                               goto check_perms;
-                       if(   errno==EEXIST
-                          && stat(skipcrud+head->header.name,&st1)==0
-                          && (S_ISDIR(st1.st_mode)))
-                               break;
-                       msg_perror("Could not create directory %s",skipcrud+head->header.name);
-                       break;
-               }
-               
-       check_perms:
-               if (!we_are_root && 0300 != (0300 & (int) hstat.st_mode)) {
-                       hstat.st_mode |= 0300;
-                       msg("Added write and execute permission to directory %s",
-                         skipcrud+head->header.name);
-               }
+      if (unlink_first_option)
+       remove_any_file (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, recursive_unlink_option);
 
-               goto set_filestat;
-               /* FIXME, Remember timestamps for after files created? */
-               /* FIXME, change mode after files created (if was R/O dir) */
-       case LF_VOLHDR:
-               if(f_verbose) {
-                       printf("Reading %s\n",head->header.name);
-               }
-               break;
+      while (status = mkfifo (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, current_stat.st_mode),
+            status != 0)
+       if (!maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
+         break;
 
-       case LF_NAMES:
-               extract_mangle(head);
-               break;
+      if (status == 0)
+       set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0);
+      else
+       {
+         ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not make fifo"), CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+         if (backup_option)
+           undo_last_backup ();
+       }
+      break;
+#endif
 
-       case LF_MULTIVOL:
-               msg("Can't extract '%s'--file is continued from another volume\n",head->header.name);
-               skip_file((long)hstat.st_size);
-               break;
+    case DIRTYPE:
+    case GNUTYPE_DUMPDIR:
+      name_length = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME) - 1;
+
+    really_dir:
+      /* Check for trailing /, and zap as many as we find.  */
+      while (name_length && CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length] == '/')
+       CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length--] = '\0';
 
+      if (incremental_option)
+       {
+         /* Read the entry and delete files that aren't listed in the
+            archive.  */
+
+         gnu_restore (skipcrud);
        }
+      else if (typeflag == GNUTYPE_DUMPDIR)
+       skip_file (current_stat.st_size);
 
-       /* We don't need to save it any longer. */
-       saverec((union record **) 0);   /* Unsave it */
-}
+      if (to_stdout_option)
+       break;
 
-/*
- * After a file/link/symlink/dir creation has failed, see if
- * it's because some required directory was not present, and if
- * so, create all required dirs.
- */
-int
-make_dirs(pathname)
-       char *pathname;
-{
-       char *p;                        /* Points into path */
-       int madeone = 0;                /* Did we do anything yet? */
-       int save_errno = errno;         /* Remember caller's errno */
-       int check;
-
-       if (errno != ENOENT)
-               return 0;               /* Not our problem */
-
-       for (p = index(pathname, '/'); p != NULL; p = index(p+1, '/')) {
-               /* Avoid mkdir of empty string, if leading or double '/' */
-               if (p == pathname || p[-1] == '/')
-                       continue;
-               /* Avoid mkdir where last part of path is '.' */
-               if (p[-1] == '.' && (p == pathname+1 || p[-2] == '/'))
-                       continue;
-               *p = 0;                         /* Truncate the path there */
-               check = mkdir (pathname, 0777); /* Try to create it as a dir */
-               if (check == 0) {
-                       /* Fix ownership */
-                       if (we_are_root) {
-                               if (chown(pathname, hstat.st_uid,
-                                         hstat.st_gid) < 0) {
-                                       msg_perror("cannot change owner of %s to uid %d gid %d",pathname,hstat.st_uid,hstat.st_gid);
-                               }
-                       }
-                       pr_mkdir(pathname, p-pathname, notumask&0777);
-                       madeone++;              /* Remember if we made one */
-                       *p = '/';
-                       continue;
-               }
-               *p = '/';
-               if (errno == EEXIST)            /* Directory already exists */
-                       continue;
-               /*
-                * Some other error in the mkdir.  We return to the caller.
-                */
-               break;
+    again_dir:
+      status = mkdir (CURRENT_FILE_NAME,
+                    (we_are_root ? 0 : 0300) | current_stat.st_mode);
+      if (status != 0)
+       {
+         /* If the directory creation fails, let's consider immediately the
+            case where the directory already exists.  We have three good
+            reasons for clearing out this case before attempting recovery.
+
+            1) It would not be efficient recovering the error by deleting
+            the directory in maybe_recoverable, then recreating it right
+            away.  We only hope we will be able to adjust its permissions
+            adequately, later.
+
+            2) Removing the directory might fail if it is not empty.  By
+            exception, this real error is traditionally not reported.
+
+            3) Let's suppose `DIR' already exists and we are about to
+            extract `DIR/../DIR'.  This would fail because the directory
+            already exists, and maybe_recoverable would react by removing
+            `DIR'.  This then would fail again because there are missing
+            intermediate directories, and maybe_recoverable would react by
+            creating `DIR'.  We would then have an extraction loop.  */
+
+         if (errno == EEXIST)
+           {
+             struct stat st1;
+             int saved_errno = errno;
+
+             if (stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &st1) == 0 && S_ISDIR (st1.st_mode))
+               goto check_perms;
+
+             errno = saved_errno; /* FIXME: errno should be read-only */
+           }
+
+         if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
+           goto again_dir;
+
+         /* If we're trying to create '.', let it be.  */
+
+         /* FIXME: Strange style...  */
+
+         if (CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length] == '.'
+             && (name_length == 0
+                 || CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length - 1] == '/'))
+           goto check_perms;
+
+         ERROR ((0, errno, _("%s: Could not create directory"),
+                 CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+         if (backup_option)
+           undo_last_backup ();
+         break;
        }
 
-       errno = save_errno;             /* Restore caller's errno */
-       return madeone;                 /* Tell them to retry if we made one */
-}
+    check_perms:
+      if (!we_are_root && 0300 != (0300 & current_stat.st_mode))
+       {
+         current_stat.st_mode |= 0300;
+         WARN ((0, 0, _("Added write and execute permission to directory %s"),
+                CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+       }
 
-void
-extract_sparse_file(fd, sizeleft, totalsize, name)
-       int     fd;
-       long    *sizeleft,
-               totalsize;
-       char    *name;
-{              
-/*     register char   *data;*/
-       union record    *datarec;
-       int     sparse_ind = 0;
-       int     written,
-               count;
-       
-       /* assuming sizeleft is initially totalsize */
-
-
-       while (*sizeleft > 0) {
-               datarec = findrec();
-               if (datarec == NULL) {
-                       msg("Unexpected EOF on archive file");
-                       return;
-               }
-               lseek(fd, sparsearray[sparse_ind].offset, 0);
-               written = sparsearray[sparse_ind++].numbytes;
-               while (written > RECORDSIZE) {
-                       count = write(fd, datarec->charptr, RECORDSIZE);
-                       if (count < 0) 
-                               msg_perror("couldn't write to file %s", name);
-                       written -= count;
-                       *sizeleft -= count;
-                       userec(datarec);
-                       datarec = findrec();
-               }
+#if !MSDOS
+      /* MSDOS does not associate timestamps with directories.   In this
+        case, no need to try delaying their restoration.  */
 
-               count = write(fd, datarec->charptr, written);
-               
-               if (count < 0) {
-                       msg_perror("couldn't write to file %s", name);
-               } else if (count != written) {
-                       msg("could only write %d of %d bytes to file %s", totalsize - *sizeleft, totalsize, name);
-                       skip_file((long) (*sizeleft));
-               }
+      if (touch_option)
+
+       /* FIXME: I do not believe in this.  Ignoring time stamps does not
+          alleviate the need of delaying the restoration of directories'
+          mode.  Let's ponder this for a little while.  */
+
+       set_mode (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat);
 
-               written -= count;
-               *sizeleft -= count;             
-               userec(datarec);
+      else
+       {
+         data = ((struct delayed_set_stat *)
+                     xmalloc (sizeof (struct delayed_set_stat)));
+         data->file_name = xstrdup (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
+         data->stat_info = current_stat;
+         data->next = delayed_set_stat_head;
+         delayed_set_stat_head = data;
        }
-       free(sparsearray);
-/*     if (end_nulls) {
-               register int i;
-
-               printf("%d\n", (int) end_nulls);
-               for (i = 0; i < end_nulls; i++)
-                       write(fd, "\000", 1);
-       }*/
-       userec(datarec);
+#endif /* !MSDOS */
+      break;
+
+    case GNUTYPE_VOLHDR:
+      if (verbose_option)
+       fprintf (stdlis, _("Reading %s\n"), current_file_name);
+      break;
+
+    case GNUTYPE_NAMES:
+      extract_mangle ();
+      break;
+
+    case GNUTYPE_MULTIVOL:
+      ERROR ((0, 0, _("\
+Cannot extract `%s' -- file is continued from another volume"),
+             current_file_name));
+      skip_file (current_stat.st_size);
+      if (backup_option)
+       undo_last_backup ();
+      break;
+
+    case GNUTYPE_LONGNAME:
+    case GNUTYPE_LONGLINK:
+      ERROR ((0, 0, _("Visible long name error")));
+      skip_file (current_stat.st_size);
+      if (backup_option)
+       undo_last_backup ();
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      WARN ((0, 0,
+            _("Unknown file type '%c' for %s, extracted as normal file"),
+            typeflag, CURRENT_FILE_NAME));
+      goto again_file;
+    }
+
+#undef CURRENT_FILE_NAME
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------.
+| Set back the utime and mode for all the extracted directories.  |
+`----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+void
+apply_delayed_set_stat (void)
+{
+  struct delayed_set_stat *data;
+
+  while (delayed_set_stat_head != NULL)
+    {
+      data = delayed_set_stat_head;
+      delayed_set_stat_head = delayed_set_stat_head->next;
+      set_stat (data->file_name, &data->stat_info, 0);
+      free (data->file_name);
+      free (data);
+    }
 }
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