-Hey! Emacs! Yo! This is -*- Text -*- !!!
-This GNU tar 1.11. Please send bug reports, etc., to
-bug-gnu-utils@prep.ai.mit.edu. This is a beta-test release.
+Please glance through *all* sections of this
+`README' file before starting configuration. Also make sure you read files
+`ABOUT-NLS' and `INSTALL' if you are not familiar with them already.
-GNU tar is based heavily on John Gilmore's public domain tar, but with
-added features. The manual is currently being written. An old
-manual, surely riddled with errors, is in tar.texinfo. Please don't
-send in bug reports about that manual. In particular, the mechanism
-for doing incremental dumps has been significantly changed.
+If you got the `tar' distribution in `shar' format, time stamps ought to be
+properly restored; do not ignore such complaints at `unshar' time.
-This distribution also includes rmt, the remote tape server (which
-must reside in /etc). The mt program is in the GNU cpio distribution.
+GNU `tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk
+archive, and can restore individual files from the archive. It includes
+multivolume support, the ability to archive sparse files, automatic archive
+compression/decompression, remote archives and special features that allow
+`tar' to be used for incremental and full backups. This distribution
+also includes `rmt', the remote tape server. The `mt' tape drive control
+program is in the GNU `cpio' distribution.
-See the file INSTALL for compilation and installation instructions for Unix.
+GNU `tar' is derived from John Gilmore's public domain `tar'.
-makefile.pc is a makefile for Turbo C 2.0 on MS-DOS.
+See file `ABOUT-NLS' for how to customize this program to your language.
+See file `BACKLOG' for a summary of pending mail and articles.
+See file `COPYING' for copying conditions.
+See file `INSTALL' for compilation and installation instructions.
+See file `PORTS' for various ports of GNU tar to non-Unix systems.
+See file `NEWS' for a list of major changes in the current release.
+See file `THANKS' for a list of contributors.
-Various people have been having problems using floppies on a NeXT.
-I've gotten conflicting reports about what should be done to solve the
-problems, and we have no way to test it ourselves.
+Besides those configure options documented in files `INSTALL' and
+`ABOUT-NLS', an extra option may be accepted after `./configure':
-If you want to do incremental dumps, use the distributed backup
-scripts. They are what we use at the FSF
+* `--disable-largefile' omits support for large files, even if the
+operating system supports large files. Typically, large files are
+those larger on 2 GB on a 32-bit host.
-User-visible changes since 1.10:
+The default archive device is now `stdin' on read and `stdout' on write.
+The installer can still override this by presetting `DEFAULT_ARCHIVE'
+in the environment before configuring (the behavior of `-[0-7]' or
+`-[0-7]lmh' options in `tar' are then derived automatically). Similarly,
+`DEFAULT_BLOCKING' can be preset to something else than 20.
+For comprehensive modifications to GNU tar, you might need tools beyond
+those used in simple installations. Fully install GNU m4 1.4 first,
+and only then, Autoconf 2.13 or later. Install Perl, then Automake
+1.4 or later. You might need Bison 1.28 or later, and GNU tar itself.
+All are available on GNU archive sites, like in
+ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/.
+
+Send bug reports to `bug-tar@gnu.org'. (Beware, old-timers: it is
+`@gnu', not `@prep'; and not `bug-gnu-utils' anymore.) A bug report is
+an adequate description of the problem: your input, what you expected,
+what you got, and why this is wrong. Diffs are welcome, but they only
+describe a solution, from which the problem might be uneasy to infer.
+If needed, submit actual data files with your report. Small data files
+are preferred. Big files may sometimes be necessary, but do not send them
+to the report address; rather take special arrangement with the maintainer.
+
+Your feedback will help us to make a better and more portable package.
+Consider documentation errors as bugs, and report them as such. If you
+develop anything pertaining to `tar' or have suggestions, let us know
+and share your findings by writing at `tar-forum@iro.umontreal.ca'.
+
+.--------------------.
+| Installation hints |
+`--------------------'
+
+Here are a few hints which might help installing `tar' on some systems.
+
+* Static linking.
+
+Some platform will, by default, prepare a smaller `tar' executable
+which depends on shared libraries. Since GNU `tar' may be used for
+system-level backups and disaster recovery, installers might prefer to
+force static linking, making a bigger `tar' executable maybe, but able to
+work standalone, in situations where shared libraries are not available.
+The way to achieve static linking varies between systems. Set LDFLAGS
+to a value from the table below, before configuration (see `INSTALL').
+
+ Platform Compiler LDFLAGS
+
+ (any) Gnu C -static
+ AIX (vendor) "-bnso -bI:/lib/syscalls.exp"
+ HPUX (vendor) -Wl,-a,archive
+ IRIX (vendor) -non_shared
+ OSF (vendor) -non_shared
+ SCO 3.2v5 (vendor) -dn
+ Solaris (vendor) -Bstatic
+ SunOS (vendor) -Bstatic
+
+* Failed `incremen.sh'.
+
+In an NFS environment, lack of synchronization between machine clocks
+might create difficulties to any tool comparing dates and file time stamps,
+like `tar' in incremental dumps. This has been a recurrent problem in
+GNU Makefiles for the last few years. We would like a general solution.
+
+* BSD compatibility matters.
+
+Set LIBS to `-lbsd' before configuration (see `INSTALL') if the linker
+complains about `bsd_ioctl' (Slackware). Also set CPPFLAGS to
+`-I/usr/include/bsd' if <sgtty.h> is not found (Slackware).
+
+* OPENStep 4.2 swap files
+
+Tar cannot read the file /private/vm/swapfile.front (even as root).
+This file is not a real file, but some kind of uncompressed view of
+the real compressed swap file; there is no reason to back it up, so
+the simplest workaround is to avoid tarring this file.
+
+.------------------.
+| Special topics. |
+`------------------'
+
+Here are a few special matters about GNU `tar', not related to build
+matters. See previous section for such.
+
+* File attributes.
+
+About *security*, it is probable that future releases of `tar' will have
+some behavior changed. There are many pending suggestions to choose from.
+Today, extracting an archive not being `root', `tar' will restore suid/sgid
+bits on files but owned by the extracting user. `root' automatically gets
+a lot of special privileges, `-p' might later become required to get them.
+
+GNU `tar' does not properly restore symlink attributes. Various systems
+implement flavors of symbolic links showing different behavior and
+properties. We did not successfully sorted all these out yet. Currently,
+the `lchown' call will be used if available, but that's all.
+
+* POSIX compliance.
+
+GNU `tar' implements an early draft of the POSIX 1003.1 `ustar' standard
+which is different from the final standard. This will be progressively
+corrected over the incoming few years. Don't be mislead by the mere
+existence of the --posix option. Later releases will become able to
+read truly POSIX archives, and also to produce them under option. (Also,
+if you look at the internals, don't take the GNU extensions you see for
+granted, as they are planned to change.) GNU tar 2.0 will produce POSIX
+archives by default, but there is a long way before we get there.
+
+* What's next?
+
+The emphasis from 1.11.2 to 1.14 has been on solving the main portability,
+execution or usability bugs. This was accompanied all over with an
+internal cleanup in the sources, and the reassembly of a `tar' manual.
+
+The `BACKLOG' file shows approximate priorities of the many pending
+problems and suggestions. Besides pending problems and all other matters
+listed above, the cleanup is planned to continue and extend to the general
+organization of the code, preparing a long time in advance for a possible
+merge of the `cpio' and `tar' distributions, into some common `paxutils'.
+We also want to address some long-awaited performance issues (for example:
+double buffering) or enhancements (for example: per-file compression).
projects / chaz / tar / blobdiff