X-Git-Url: https://git.dogcows.com/gitweb?a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Ftar.texi;h=c38e3e6a9ab211cb657de4ceac7d92591bd1ba1a;hb=764174dc1d4b5965c9cbb8f3dbfbf72ebab1ee8a;hp=25dc0249b7a99b179cc07143a173a6e1ae0c31f2;hpb=9d3142805b66dabe89a13502a1b34f5dd1e83058;p=chaz%2Ftar diff --git a/doc/tar.texi b/doc/tar.texi index 25dc024..c38e3e6 100644 --- a/doc/tar.texi +++ b/doc/tar.texi @@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ Appendices * Changes:: * Configuring Help Summary:: +* Fixing Snapshot Files:: * Tar Internals:: * Genfile:: * Free Software Needs Free Documentation:: @@ -315,11 +316,16 @@ Date input formats Controlling the Archive Format -* Portability:: Making @command{tar} Archives More Portable * Compression:: Using Less Space through Compression * Attributes:: Handling File Attributes +* Portability:: Making @command{tar} Archives More Portable * cpio:: Comparison of @command{tar} and @command{cpio} +Using Less Space through Compression + +* gzip:: Creating and Reading Compressed Archives +* sparse:: Archiving Sparse Files + Making @command{tar} Archives More Portable * Portable Names:: Portable Names @@ -342,11 +348,6 @@ How to Extract GNU-Specific Data Using Other @command{tar} Implementations * Split Recovery:: Members Split Between Volumes * Sparse Recovery:: Sparse Members -Using Less Space through Compression - -* gzip:: Creating and Reading Compressed Archives -* sparse:: Archiving Sparse Files - Tapes and Other Archive Media * Device:: Device selection and switching @@ -2740,15 +2741,6 @@ multi-volume @command{tar} archive. @xref{Using Multiple Tapes}. (see --info-script) -@opsummary{seek} -@item --seek -@itemx -n - -Assume that the archive media supports seeks to arbitrary -locations. Usually @command{tar} determines automatically whether -the archive can be seeked or not. This option is intended for use -in cases when such recognition fails. - @opsummary{newer} @item --newer=@var{date} @itemx --after-date=@var{date} @@ -2920,39 +2912,6 @@ this interpretation fails, it has to be a decimal numeric user @acronym{ID}. This option does not affect extraction from archives. -@opsummary{transform} -@item --transform=@var{sed-expr} - -Transform file or member names using @command{sed} replacement expression -@var{sed-expr}. For example, - -@smallexample -$ @kbd{tar cf archive.tar --transform 's,^\./,usr/,' .} -@end smallexample - -@noindent -will add to @file{archive} files from the current working directory, -replacing initial @samp{./} prefix with @samp{usr/}. For the detailed -discussion, @xref{transform}. - -To see transformed member names in verbose listings, use -@option{--show-transformed-names} option -(@pxref{show-transformed-names}). - -@opsummary{quote-chars} -@item --quote-chars=@var{string} -Always quote characters from @var{string}, even if the selected -quoting style would not quote them (@pxref{quoting styles}). - -@opsummary{quoting-style} -@item --quoting-style=@var{style} -Set quoting style to use when printing member and file names -(@pxref{quoting styles}). Valid @var{style} values are: -@code{literal}, @code{shell}, @code{shell-always}, @code{c}, -@code{escape}, @code{locale}, and @code{clocale}. Default quoting -style is @code{escape}, unless overridden while configuring the -package. - @opsummary{pax-option} @item --pax-option=@var{keyword-list} This option is meaningful only with @acronym{POSIX.1-2001} archives @@ -2993,6 +2952,20 @@ that number as the permissions to create the destination file. Specifying this option instructs @command{tar} that it should use the permissions directly from the archive. @xref{Setting Access Permissions}. +@opsummary{quote-chars} +@item --quote-chars=@var{string} +Always quote characters from @var{string}, even if the selected +quoting style would not quote them (@pxref{quoting styles}). + +@opsummary{quoting-style} +@item --quoting-style=@var{style} +Set quoting style to use when printing member and file names +(@pxref{quoting styles}). Valid @var{style} values are: +@code{literal}, @code{shell}, @code{shell-always}, @code{c}, +@code{escape}, @code{locale}, and @code{clocale}. Default quoting +style is @code{escape}, unless overridden while configuring the +package. + @opsummary{read-full-records} @item --read-full-records @itemx -B @@ -3067,6 +3040,15 @@ effect only for ordinary users. @xref{Attributes}. (See @option{--preserve-permissions}; @pxref{Setting Access Permissions}.) +@opsummary{seek} +@item --seek +@itemx -n + +Assume that the archive media supports seeks to arbitrary +locations. Usually @command{tar} determines automatically whether +the archive can be seeked or not. This option is intended for use +in cases when such recognition fails. + @opsummary{show-defaults} @item --show-defaults @@ -3180,6 +3162,25 @@ Sets the data modification time of extracted files to the extraction time, rather than the data modification time stored in the archive. @xref{Data Modification Times}. +@opsummary{transform} +@item --transform=@var{sed-expr} + +Transform file or member names using @command{sed} replacement expression +@var{sed-expr}. For example, + +@smallexample +$ @kbd{tar cf archive.tar --transform 's,^\./,usr/,' .} +@end smallexample + +@noindent +will add to @file{archive} files from the current working directory, +replacing initial @samp{./} prefix with @samp{usr/}. For the detailed +discussion, @xref{transform}. + +To see transformed member names in verbose listings, use +@option{--show-transformed-names} option +(@pxref{show-transformed-names}). + @opsummary{uncompress} @item --uncompress @@ -5406,6 +5407,7 @@ unreliable if you modify a file's time stamps during dumping (e.g., with the @option{--atime-preserve=replace} option), or if you set the clock backwards. +@cindex Device numbers, using in incremental backups Metadata stored in snapshot files include device numbers, which, obviously is supposed to be a non-volatile value. However, it turns out that NFS devices have undependable values when an automounter @@ -5416,6 +5418,11 @@ is to considers all NFS devices as being equal when it comes to comparing directories; this is fairly gross, but there does not seem to be a better way to go. +If you are using the @i{Linux} kernel, the device numbers can also +change when upgrading to some newer versions of the kernel. This can +cause the next backup to be full backup on the affected filesystems. +@xref{Fixing Snapshot Files}, for the information on how to handle this case. + Note that incremental archives use @command{tar} extensions and may not be readable by non-@acronym{GNU} versions of the @command{tar} program. @@ -10272,7 +10279,7 @@ echo $@{name:-$TAR_ARCHIVE@}-$TAR_VOLUME >&$TAR_FD @end group @end smallexample -The same script cant be used while listing, comparing or extracting +The same script can be used while listing, comparing or extracting from the created archive. For example: @smallexample @@ -10914,6 +10921,10 @@ output. Default is 12. Right margin of the text output. Used for wrapping. @end deftypevr +@node Fixing Snapshot Files +@appendix Fixing Snapshot Files +@include tar-snapshot-edit.texi + @node Tar Internals @appendix Tar Internals @include intern.texi