X-Git-Url: https://git.dogcows.com/gitweb?a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Ftar.texi;h=419999a9e669f122a659b812593654688d0c588f;hb=a1b1b7cc8aa3e3787834dccc96b516f467225b7b;hp=52b37258ebfa2cb72b7930c04fc23eb582ad927e;hpb=c8d4ceccc17ab5ce84e3c704569dbe22530a4aac;p=chaz%2Ftar

diff --git a/doc/tar.texi b/doc/tar.texi
index 52b3725..419999a 100644
--- a/doc/tar.texi
+++ b/doc/tar.texi
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ Appendices
 
 * Changes::
 * Configuring Help Summary::
+* Fixing Snapshot Files::
 * Tar Internals::
 * Genfile::
 * Free Software Needs Free Documentation::
@@ -315,11 +316,16 @@ Date input formats
 
 Controlling the Archive Format
 
-* Portability::                 Making @command{tar} Archives More Portable
 * Compression::                 Using Less Space through Compression
 * Attributes::                  Handling File Attributes
+* Portability::                 Making @command{tar} Archives More Portable
 * cpio::                        Comparison of @command{tar} and @command{cpio}
 
+Using Less Space through Compression
+
+* gzip::                        Creating and Reading Compressed Archives
+* sparse::                      Archiving Sparse Files
+
 Making @command{tar} Archives More Portable
 
 * Portable Names::              Portable Names
@@ -342,11 +348,6 @@ How to Extract GNU-Specific Data Using Other @command{tar} Implementations
 * Split Recovery::       Members Split Between Volumes
 * Sparse Recovery::      Sparse Members
 
-Using Less Space through Compression
-
-* gzip::                        Creating and Reading Compressed Archives
-* sparse::                      Archiving Sparse Files
-
 Tapes and Other Archive Media
 
 * Device::                      Device selection and switching
@@ -2539,6 +2540,14 @@ named @var{file}, but dump the directory node itself.  @xref{exclude}.
 Exclude from dump any directory containing file named @var{file}.
 @xref{exclude}. 
 
+@opsummary{exclude-vcs}
+@item --exclude-vcs
+
+Exclude from dump directories and files, that are internal for some
+widely used version control systems.
+
+@xref{exclude}.
+
 @opsummary{file}
 @item --file=@var{archive}
 @itemx -f @var{archive}
@@ -5406,6 +5415,7 @@ unreliable if you modify a file's time stamps during dumping (e.g.,
 with the @option{--atime-preserve=replace} option), or if you set the clock
 backwards.
 
+@cindex Device numbers, using in incremental backups
 Metadata stored in snapshot files include device numbers, which,
 obviously is supposed to be a non-volatile value.  However, it turns
 out that NFS devices have undependable values when an automounter
@@ -5416,6 +5426,11 @@ is to considers all NFS devices as being equal when it comes to
 comparing directories; this is fairly gross, but there does not seem
 to be a better way to go.
 
+If you are using the @i{Linux} kernel, the device numbers can also
+change when upgrading to some newer versions of the kernel.  This can
+cause the next backup to be full backup on the affected filesystems.
+@xref{Fixing Snapshot Files}, for the information on how to handle this case.
+
 Note that incremental archives use @command{tar} extensions and may
 not be readable by non-@acronym{GNU} versions of the @command{tar} program.
 
@@ -6499,6 +6514,42 @@ called as @w{@samp{tar -c -X foo .}} and the file @file{foo} contains a
 single line @file{*.o}, no files whose names end in @file{.o} will be
 added to the archive.
 
+Notice, that lines from @var{file} are read verbatim. One of the
+frequent errors is leaving some extra whitespace after a file name,
+which is difficult to catch using text editors.
+
+However, empty lines are OK.
+
+@cindex version control system, excluding files
+@cindex VCS, excluding files
+@cindex SCCS, excluding files
+@cindex RCS, excluding files
+@cindex CVS, excluding files
+@cindex SVN, excluding files
+@cindex git, excluding files
+@table @option
+@opindex exclude-vcs
+@item --exclude-vcs
+Exclude files and directories used by some version control systems.
+@end table
+
+As of version @value{VERSION}, the following files are excluded:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item @file{CVS/}, and everything under it
+@item @file{RCS/}, and everything under it
+@item @file{SCCS/}, and everything under it
+@item @file{.git/}, and everything under it
+@item @file{.gitignore}
+@item @file{.cvsignore}
+@item @file{.svn/}, and everything under it
+@item @file{.arch-ids/}, and everything under it
+@item @file{@{arch@}/}, and everything under it
+@item @file{=RELEASE-ID}
+@item @file{=meta-update}
+@item @file{=update}
+@end itemize
+
 @findex exclude-caches
 When creating an archive, the @option{--exclude-caches} option family
 causes @command{tar} to exclude all directories that contain a @dfn{cache
@@ -6509,7 +6560,7 @@ Various applications write cache directory tags into directories they
 use to hold regenerable, non-precious data, so that such data can be
 more easily excluded from backups.
 
-There are three @samp{exclude-caches} option, providing a different
+There are three @samp{exclude-caches} options, each providing a different
 exclusion semantics:
 
 @table @option
@@ -10272,7 +10323,7 @@ echo $@{name:-$TAR_ARCHIVE@}-$TAR_VOLUME >&$TAR_FD
 @end group
 @end smallexample
 
-The same script cant be used while listing, comparing or extracting
+The same script can be used while listing, comparing or extracting
 from the created archive.  For example:
 
 @smallexample
@@ -10914,6 +10965,10 @@ output. Default is 12.
 Right margin of the text output. Used for wrapping.
 @end deftypevr
 
+@node Fixing Snapshot Files
+@appendix Fixing Snapshot Files
+@include tar-snapshot-edit.texi
+
 @node Tar Internals
 @appendix Tar Internals
 @include intern.texi